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red · warm

#4e1221

a deep, vivid red · warm · closest name: Maroon

Token name suggestion: Abyss Rust

RGB
78, 18, 33
HSL
345°, 63%, 19%
CMYK
0, 77, 58, 69
Luminance
0.0216

#4e1221 is a deep vivid red, 345° on the wheel and 25/100 on the cool side. Put white text on it (14.66:1). As text it scores 14.66:1 on white — safe at any size. Nearest name is Maroon, nearest Tailwind family is stone.

hsl(345 63% 19%)rgb(78 18 33)Base step 950AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #4e1221 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#4e1221
Hue
345°
red
Saturation
63%
vivid
Lightness
19%
deep
Brightness
31%
HSV value
Perceived
18%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.0216
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
25/100 cool
Color family
Red
Tone
Vivid
Best ink
White
14.66:1
Closest name
Maroon
ΔE2000 17.3
Chroma
29.8
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.290
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
stone
500 · ΔE 32.2
Web-safe
#660033
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue345° of 360°
Saturation63%
Lightness19%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #4e1221.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool25% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red75%
Green20%
Blue5%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#4e1221
HEX (8-digit)#4e1221ff
RGBrgb(78, 18, 33)
RGBArgba(78, 18, 33, 1)
HSLhsl(345, 63%, 19%)
HSV / HSBhsv(345, 77%, 31%)
HWBhwb(345 7% 69%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 77%, 58%, 69%)
LABlab(16.3 29.1 6.1)
LCHlch(16.3 29.8 11.8)
OKLCHoklch(0.290 0.090 10.0)
XYZ (D65)xyz(3.63, 2.16, 1.66)
Decimal5116449
Display P3color(display-p3 0.306 0.071 0.129)
Web-safe#660033

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #4e1221;
background-color: #4e1221;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #4e1221;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#4e1221] bg-[#4e1221]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #4e1221;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.306, green: 0.071, blue: 0.129)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.306, green: 0.071, blue: 0.129, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#4E1221</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFF4E1221)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFF4E1221)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(33, 18, 78)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(78, 18, 33)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(78, 18, 33)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 78, 18, 33)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.3059f, 0.0706f, 0.1294f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{78,18,33}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #4e1221 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #4e1221 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#68182C, #EED3DA);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #4e1221 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FBF4F5;
  --brand-100: #F7E8EC;
  --brand-200: #F0CCD5;
  --brand-300: #EAA4B5;
  --brand-400: #DF7691;
  --brand-500: #D5496C;
  --brand-600: #C72E54;
  --brand-700: #A62646;
  --brand-800: #851F38;
  --brand-900: #601A2C;
  --brand-950: #4e1221;
  --brand: #4e1221;
  --brand-ink: #ffffff;
  --brand-surface: #FAF4F6;
  --brand-border: #EDC0CB;
  --brand-hover: #310B15;
  --brand-pressed: #140508;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241418;
    --brand-ink: #EED3DA;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FBF4F5',
        100: '#F7E8EC',
        200: '#F0CCD5',
        300: '#EAA4B5',
        400: '#DF7691',
        500: '#D5496C',
        600: '#C72E54',
        700: '#A62646',
        800: '#851F38',
        900: '#601A2C',
        950: '#4e1221',
        DEFAULT: '#4e1221',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FBF4F5,
  '100': #F7E8EC,
  '200': #F0CCD5,
  '300': #EAA4B5,
  '400': #DF7691,
  '500': #D5496C,
  '600': #C72E54,
  '700': #A62646,
  '800': #851F38,
  '900': #601A2C,
  '950': #4e1221,
);
$brand-base: #4e1221;
$brand-ink: #ffffff;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FBF4F5", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#F7E8EC", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#F0CCD5", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#EAA4B5", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#DF7691", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#D5496C", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#C72E54", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#A62646", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#851F38", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#601A2C", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#4e1221", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#ffffff", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#ffffff on #4e1221 · 14.66:1
Use #ffffffAAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 14.66:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Aa
Black text · 1.43:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Reading the other direction: #4e1221 as text scores 14.66:1 on white and 1.43:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #FAEAEE at 12.61:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#4e1221 · 14.66:1
AA on whitealready passes
#4e1221
The quick fox
#4e1221 · 14.66:1
AAA on whitealready passes
#4e1221
The quick fox
#D23B61 · 4.54:1
AA on black+34% L
#D23B61
The quick fox
#DF7590 · 7.08:1
AAA on black+48% L
#DF7590

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #4E1221 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#4e1221 on white: 14.66:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#4e1221 on black: 1.43:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #4e1221 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #4e1221.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White14.66:1AaAa
Slate 5014.01:1AaAa
Slate 10013.38:1AaAa
Slate 20011.89:1AaAa
Slate 3009.87:1AaAa
Slate 4005.72:1AaAa
Slate 5003.08:1AaAa
Slate 6001.93:1AaAa
Slate 7001.42:1AaAa
Slate 8001.00:1AaAa
Slate 9001.22:1AaAa
Black1.43:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #212121
deuteranopia · #302D20
tritanopia · #560618

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #4e1221 is pinned to step 950; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FBF4F5
#F7E8EC
#F0CCD5
#EAA4B5
#DF7691
#D5496C
#C72E54
#A62646
#851F38
#601A2C
#4e1221
Base = 950Lightest = 50 · #FBF4F5Darkest = 950 · #4e1221Text step on white = 600
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.022 10.0);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.036 10.0);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.054 10.0);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.070 10.0);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.083 10.0);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.090 10.0);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.090 10.0);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.084 10.0);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.075 10.0);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.063 10.0);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.049 10.0);
}

Colors that work with #4e1221

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#ffffff
White wins here
Surface#FAF4F6
Tinted page background
Border#EDC0CB
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B4B5F
Captions on the surface
Accent#105030
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#68182C
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FAEAEE
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241418
Dark-mode background
Hover#310B15
One step down in lightness
Pressed#140508
Two steps down
Disabled#7F515D
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#641025
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #4e1221

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Body text and links on white
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Headers, footers and dark-mode surfaces
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
Use with care
  • Text on black or near-black surfaces
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Black text placed on it
  • Status meaning — pair it with an icon or label, never colour alone
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Any size
Safe as a fill behind white type
Yes
Safe as a 1px border on white
Yes

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

urgentappetisingboldphysical

Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing.

This is a confident chroma: strong enough to lead a brand, restrained enough to live in an interface all day. The low lightness adds weight and formality.

Worth knowing

It is also the universal error colour. Use it as a brand accent and users may read a warning that is not there.

Reads as
  • FormalityHigh
  • EnergyMedium-high
  • Weight81/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#124E3F
Analogous left#4E123F
Analogous right#4E2112
Split-complement 1#124E21
Split-complement 2#123F4E
Triadic 1#214E12
Triadic 2#12214E
Tetradic#3F4E12
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°345°

#4e1221 sits at 345°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red30.6%
Green7.1%
Blue12.9%
R · 0–255
78
0x4e
G · 0–255
18
0x12
B · 0–255
33
0x21

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta76.9%
Yellow57.7%
Key (black)69.4%

Total ink coverage is 204%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#4e1221 text on a black background

contrast 1.43:1

Card sample

#4e1221 text on a white background

contrast 14.66:1

Card sample

#4e1221 on grey

13.38:1

#4e1221 on its own surface

13.50:1

#4e1221 on its dark surface

1.21:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #4e1221;
Background color
Panel with #4e1221 background
background-color: #4e1221;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #4e1221;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(78, 18, 33, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(78, 18, 33, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #4e1221;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4e1221, #4E2B12);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4e1221, #4E3A12);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #4e1221;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #4e1221;
caret-color: #4e1221;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #4e1221;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FAEAEE;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #4e1221;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#4e1221 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #4e1221 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(78, 18, 33, 0.5)
rgb(78 18 33 / 50%)
#4e122180
hsl(345 63% 19% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #4e1221 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#4e12211a#EDE7E9
20%#4e122133#DCD0D3
40%#4e122166#B8A0A6
60%#4e122199#95717A
80%#4e1221cc#71414D

Gradients from #4e1221

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #801D36, #4e1221 45%, #68182C);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #4e1221, #35210C);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4e1221, #124E3F);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #982341 0%, #4e1221 45%, #68182C 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF4F6, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #771C68 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #673218 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #68182C 0%, transparent 65%), #4e1221;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #4e1221

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#4e1221 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
Food and drinkEntertainmentRetailSport
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Converts to four-color process without much drama. Proof it anyway.

On screens

Very dark values collapse into each other on cheap panels — leave more lightness between your darkest steps than the numbers suggest.

In dark mode

Too dim on dark surfaces at 1.43:1 — lift it to #D23B61 for body text, or reserve it for fills.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#4e1221, answered

What color is #4e1221?

#4e1221 is a deep vivid red, closest to Maroon (ΔE2000 17.3). It sits at 345° on the hue wheel with 63% saturation and 19% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #4e1221?

rgb(78, 18, 33) — 78 red, 18 green and 33 blue out of 255, or 30.6% / 7.1% / 12.9% by channel.

What is #4e1221 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(345, 63%, 19%) and hsv(345, 77%, 31%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #4e1221 a light or a dark color?

It is a dark color. Relative luminance is 0.0216 and perceived brightness is 18%, so white text on it reaches 14.66:1.

Should I use black or white text on #4e1221?

White. It scores 14.66:1 against #4e1221, versus 1.43:1 for black — AAA at any size.

Is #4e1221 accessible on a white background?

#4e1221 on white scores 14.66:1, which clears AAA at every size.

What is the complementary color of #4e1221?

#124E3F sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #124E21 and #123F4E, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #4e1221?

For interface work: #FAF4F6 as the surface, #EDC0CB for borders, #9B4B5F for secondary text, #105030 as an accent and #68182C for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #4E123F and #4E2112 stays calm, while #124E3F is the loudest partner.

What is #4e1221 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 77%, 58%, 69%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — ask your printer for a proof before committing to a run.

Is #4e1221 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 25 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #4E1912; nudged cooler, #4F1137.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #4e1221?

The stone family — its 500 step is #78716c, ΔE2000 32.2 away. That is a visible difference, so define #4e1221 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #4e1221 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#4e1221] or text-[#4e1221], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #4e1221 with 50% opacity?

rgba(78, 18, 33, 0.5), or #4e122180 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #A78990; over black, #270911.

Is #4e1221 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #660033, ΔE2000 7.5 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #4e1221 mean?

As a red, it reads urgent, appetising, bold. Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #4e1221?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #801D36, #4e1221 45%, #68182C). For more colour, a short hue run to #35210C keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #4e1221 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #4e1221 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.