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orange · warm

#78490c

a dark, electric orange · warm · closest name: Saddle Brown

Token name suggestion: Dusk Amber

RGB
120, 73, 12
HSL
34°, 82%, 26%
CMYK
0, 39, 90, 53
Luminance
0.0878

#78490c is a dark electric orange, 34° on the wheel and 3/100 on the cool side. Put white text on it (7.62:1). As text it scores 7.62:1 on white — safe at any size. Nearest name is Saddle Brown, nearest Tailwind family is stone.

hsl(34 82% 26%)rgb(120 73 12)Base step 900AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #78490c is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#78490c
Hue
34°
orange
Saturation
82%
electric
Lightness
26%
dark
Brightness
47%
HSV value
Perceived
34%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.0878
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
3/100 cool
Color family
Orange
Tone
Electric
Best ink
White
7.62:1
Closest name
Saddle Brown
ΔE2000 7.4
Chroma
43.7
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.450
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
stone
500 · ΔE 22.3
Web-safe
#663300
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue34° of 360°
Saturation82%
Lightness26%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #78490c.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool3% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red45%
Green54%
Blue0%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#78490c
HEX (8-digit)#78490cff
RGBrgb(120, 73, 12)
RGBArgba(120, 73, 12, 1)
HSLhsl(34, 82%, 26%)
HSV / HSBhsv(34, 90%, 47%)
HWBhwb(34 5% 53%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 39%, 90%, 53%)
LABlab(35.6 15.3 40.9)
LCHlch(35.6 43.7 69.5)
OKLCHoklch(0.450 0.094 66.1)
XYZ (D65)xyz(10.20, 8.79, 1.51)
Decimal7883020
Display P3color(display-p3 0.471 0.286 0.047)
Web-safe#663300

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #78490c;
background-color: #78490c;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #78490c;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#78490c] bg-[#78490c]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #78490c;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.471, green: 0.286, blue: 0.047)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.471, green: 0.286, blue: 0.047, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#78490C</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFF78490C)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFF78490C)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(12, 73, 120)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(120, 73, 12)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(120, 73, 12)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 120, 73, 12)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.4706f, 0.2863f, 0.0471f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{120,73,12}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #78490c 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #78490c 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#74470C, #EEE2D3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #78490c h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FCF8F2;
  --brand-100: #F9F1E6;
  --brand-200: #F6E1C6;
  --brand-300: #F5CD99;
  --brand-400: #F0B466;
  --brand-500: #EB9B33;
  --brand-600: #DF8716;
  --brand-700: #B97113;
  --brand-800: #945A0F;
  --brand-900: #78490c;
  --brand-950: #432A09;
  --brand: #78490c;
  --brand-ink: #ffffff;
  --brand-surface: #FAF8F4;
  --brand-border: #EDD9C0;
  --brand-hover: #583509;
  --brand-pressed: #372206;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241D14;
    --brand-ink: #EEE2D3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FCF8F2',
        100: '#F9F1E6',
        200: '#F6E1C6',
        300: '#F5CD99',
        400: '#F0B466',
        500: '#EB9B33',
        600: '#DF8716',
        700: '#B97113',
        800: '#945A0F',
        900: '#78490c',
        950: '#432A09',
        DEFAULT: '#78490c',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FCF8F2,
  '100': #F9F1E6,
  '200': #F6E1C6,
  '300': #F5CD99,
  '400': #F0B466,
  '500': #EB9B33,
  '600': #DF8716,
  '700': #B97113,
  '800': #945A0F,
  '900': #78490c,
  '950': #432A09,
);
$brand-base: #78490c;
$brand-ink: #ffffff;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FCF8F2", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#F9F1E6", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#F6E1C6", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#F5CD99", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#F0B466", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#EB9B33", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#DF8716", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#B97113", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#945A0F", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#78490c", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#432A09", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#ffffff", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#ffffff on #78490c · 7.62:1
Use #ffffffAAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 7.62:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Aa
Black text · 2.76:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Reading the other direction: #78490c as text scores 7.62:1 on white and 2.76:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #FDF4E8 at 6.99:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#78490c · 7.62:1
AA on whitealready passes
#78490c
The quick fox
#78490c · 7.62:1
AAA on whitealready passes
#78490c
The quick fox
#AB6811 · 4.72:1
AA on black+11% L
#AB6811
The quick fox
#D98416 · 7.26:1
AAA on black+21% L
#D98416

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #78490C is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#78490c on white: 7.62:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#78490c on black: 2.76:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #78490c as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #78490c.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White7.62:1AaAa
Slate 507.28:1AaAa
Slate 1006.95:1AaAa
Slate 2006.18:1AaAa
Slate 3005.13:1AaAa
Slate 4002.97:1AaAa
Slate 5001.60:1AaAa
Slate 6001.01:1AaAa
Slate 7001.36:1AaAa
Slate 8001.92:1AaAa
Slate 9002.34:1AaAa
Black2.76:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #584D00
deuteranopia · #63580D
tritanopia · #843E3E

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #78490c is pinned to step 900; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FCF8F2
#F9F1E6
#F6E1C6
#F5CD99
#F0B466
#EB9B33
#DF8716
#B97113
#945A0F
#78490c
#432A09
Base = 900Lightest = 50 · #FCF8F2Darkest = 950 · #432A09Text step on white = 800
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.024 66.1);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.038 66.1);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.057 66.1);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.074 66.1);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.087 66.1);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.094 66.1);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.094 66.1);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.089 66.1);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.079 66.1);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.066 66.1);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.052 66.1);
}

Colors that work with #78490c

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#ffffff
White wins here
Surface#FAF8F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDD9C0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B784B
Captions on the surface
Accent#09577B
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#74470C
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FDF4E8
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241D14
Dark-mode background
Hover#583509
One step down in lightness
Pressed#372206
Two steps down
Disabled#957E5F
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#925506
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #78490c

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Body text and links on white
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Headers, footers and dark-mode surfaces
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
Use with care
  • Text on black or near-black surfaces
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Black text placed on it
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Any size
Safe as a fill behind white type
Yes
Safe as a 1px border on white
Yes

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

friendlyenergeticaffordablesocial

Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing.

At this chroma the association is amplified — it will dominate anything placed beside it, so give it space and use it sparingly. The low lightness adds weight and formality.

Worth knowing

Hard to make feel premium, and it collides with the "caution" band in status systems.

Reads as
  • FormalityHigh
  • EnergyHigh
  • Weight74/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#0C3B78
Analogous left#78130C
Analogous right#71780C
Split-complement 1#0C7178
Split-complement 2#130C78
Triadic 1#0C7849
Triadic 2#490C78
Tetradic#0C7813
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°34°

#78490c sits at 34°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red47.1%
Green28.6%
Blue4.7%
R · 0–255
120
0x78
G · 0–255
73
0x49
B · 0–255
12
0x0c

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta39.2%
Yellow90.0%
Key (black)52.9%

Total ink coverage is 182%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#78490c text on a black background

contrast 2.76:1

Card sample

#78490c text on a white background

contrast 7.62:1

Card sample

#78490c on grey

6.95:1

#78490c on its own surface

7.18:1

#78490c on its dark surface

2.19:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #78490c;
Background color
Panel with #78490c background
background-color: #78490c;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #78490c;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(120, 73, 12, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(120, 73, 12, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #78490c;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #78490c, #5F780C);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #78490c, #44780C);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #78490c;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #78490c;
caret-color: #78490c;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #78490c;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FDF4E8;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #78490c;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#78490c 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #78490c over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(120, 73, 12, 0.5)
rgb(120 73 12 / 50%)
#78490c80
hsl(34 82% 26% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #78490c 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#78490c1a#F2EDE7
20%#78490c33#E4DBCE
40%#78490c66#C9B69E
60%#78490c99#AE926D
80%#78490ccc#936D3D

Gradients from #78490c

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #B06B12, #78490c 45%, #74470C);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #78490c, #425C09);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #78490c, #0C3B78);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #CC7C14 0%, #78490c 45%, #74470C 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF8F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #A61113 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #80940F 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #74470C 0%, transparent 65%), #78490c;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #78490c

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#78490c in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
E-commerceFood deliveryLogisticsCreator tools
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Sits outside most CMYK gamuts — expect a duller press result, or specify a spot ink.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Too dim on dark surfaces at 2.76:1 — lift it to #AB6811 for body text, or reserve it for fills.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#78490c, answered

What color is #78490c?

#78490c is a dark electric orange, closest to Saddle Brown (ΔE2000 7.4). It sits at 34° on the hue wheel with 82% saturation and 26% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #78490c?

rgb(120, 73, 12) — 120 red, 73 green and 12 blue out of 255, or 47.1% / 28.6% / 4.7% by channel.

What is #78490c in HSL and HSV?

hsl(34, 82%, 26%) and hsv(34, 90%, 47%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #78490c a light or a dark color?

It is a dark color. Relative luminance is 0.0878 and perceived brightness is 34%, so white text on it reaches 7.62:1.

Should I use black or white text on #78490c?

White. It scores 7.62:1 against #78490c, versus 2.76:1 for black — AAA at any size.

Is #78490c accessible on a white background?

#78490c on white scores 7.62:1, which clears AAA at every size.

What is the complementary color of #78490c?

#0C3B78 sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #0C7178 and #130C78, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #78490c?

For interface work: #FAF8F4 as the surface, #EDD9C0 for borders, #9B784B for secondary text, #09577B as an accent and #74470C for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #78130C and #71780C stays calm, while #0C3B78 is the loudest partner.

What is #78490c in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 39%, 90%, 53%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — a color this saturated sits outside most CMYK gamuts and will print duller than it looks here.

Is #78490c warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 3 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #8F4B0E; nudged cooler, #79720B.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #78490c?

The stone family — its 500 step is #78716c, ΔE2000 22.3 away. That is a visible difference, so define #78490c as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #78490c in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#78490c] or text-[#78490c], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #78490c with 50% opacity?

rgba(120, 73, 12, 0.5), or #78490c80 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #BCA486; over black, #3C2506.

Is #78490c a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #663300, ΔE2000 7.6 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #78490c mean?

As a orange, it reads friendly, energetic, affordable. Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #78490c?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #B06B12, #78490c 45%, #74470C). For more colour, a short hue run to #425C09 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #78490c in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #78490c at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.