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orange · warm

#a97521

a dark, vivid orange · warm · closest name: Dark Goldenrod

Token name suggestion: Shadow Amber

RGB
169, 117, 33
HSL
37°, 67%, 40%
CMYK
0, 31, 81, 34
Luminance
0.2127

#a97521 is a dark vivid orange, 37° on the wheel and 6/100 on the cool side. Put black text on it (5.25:1). As text it scores 4.00:1 on white — large text only. Nearest name is Dark Goldenrod, nearest Tailwind family is amber.

hsl(37 67% 40%)rgb(169 117 33)Base step 700AA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #a97521 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#a97521
Hue
37°
orange
Saturation
67%
vivid
Lightness
40%
dark
Brightness
66%
HSV value
Perceived
51%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.2127
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
6/100 cool
Color family
Orange
Tone
Vivid
Best ink
Black
5.25:1
Closest name
Dark Goldenrod
ΔE2000 7.3
Chroma
52.8
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.602
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
amber
500 · ΔE 17.5
Web-safe
#996633
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue37° of 360°
Saturation67%
Lightness40%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #a97521.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool6% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red40%
Green60%
Blue1%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#a97521
HEX (8-digit)#a97521ff
RGBrgb(169, 117, 33)
RGBArgba(169, 117, 33, 1)
HSLhsl(37, 67%, 40%)
HSV / HSBhsv(37, 80%, 66%)
HWBhwb(37 13% 34%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 31%, 81%, 34%)
LABlab(53.2 13.1 51.1)
LCHlch(53.2 52.8 75.6)
OKLCHoklch(0.602 0.115 74.2)
XYZ (D65)xyz(23.00, 21.27, 4.33)
Decimal11105569
Display P3color(display-p3 0.663 0.459 0.129)
Web-safe#996633

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #a97521;
background-color: #a97521;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #a97521;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#a97521] bg-[#a97521]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #a97521;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.663, green: 0.459, blue: 0.129)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.663, green: 0.459, blue: 0.129, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#A97521</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFA97521)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFA97521)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(33, 117, 169)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(169, 117, 33)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(169, 117, 33)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 169, 117, 33)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.6627f, 0.4588f, 0.1294f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{169,117,33}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #a97521 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #a97521 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#6B4A15, #EEE4D3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #a97521 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FBF8F3;
  --brand-100: #F8F2E8;
  --brand-200: #F1E2CA;
  --brand-300: #EDD0A1;
  --brand-400: #E3B872;
  --brand-500: #DAA143;
  --brand-600: #CD8E28;
  --brand-700: #a97521;
  --brand-800: #895F1B;
  --brand-900: #634617;
  --brand-950: #3E2C0F;
  --brand: #a97521;
  --brand-ink: #000000;
  --brand-surface: #FAF8F4;
  --brand-border: #EDDCC0;
  --brand-hover: #8B601B;
  --brand-pressed: #6D4C15;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241E14;
    --brand-ink: #EEE4D3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FBF8F3',
        100: '#F8F2E8',
        200: '#F1E2CA',
        300: '#EDD0A1',
        400: '#E3B872',
        500: '#DAA143',
        600: '#CD8E28',
        700: '#a97521',
        800: '#895F1B',
        900: '#634617',
        950: '#3E2C0F',
        DEFAULT: '#a97521',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FBF8F3,
  '100': #F8F2E8,
  '200': #F1E2CA,
  '300': #EDD0A1,
  '400': #E3B872,
  '500': #DAA143,
  '600': #CD8E28,
  '700': #a97521,
  '800': #895F1B,
  '900': #634617,
  '950': #3E2C0F,
);
$brand-base: #a97521;
$brand-ink: #000000;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FBF8F3", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#F8F2E8", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#F1E2CA", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#EDD0A1", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#E3B872", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#DAA143", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#CD8E28", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#a97521", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#895F1B", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#634617", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#3E2C0F", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#000000", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#000000 on #a97521 · 5.25:1
Use #000000AA at every size, AAA for large text only.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 4.00:1
AA fail · AA large pass · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 5.25:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA fail
Reading the other direction: #a97521 as text scores 4.00:1 on white and 5.25:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #6B4A15 at 2.01:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#9C6C1F · 4.59:1
AA on white−3% L
#9C6C1F
The quick fox
#765217 · 7.02:1
AAA on white−12% L
#765217
The quick fox
#a97521 · 5.25:1
AA on blackalready passes
#a97521
The quick fox
#C78A27 · 7.09:1
AAA on black+7% L
#C78A27

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #A97521 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#a97521 on white: 4.00:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#a97521 on black: 5.25:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #a97521 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #a97521.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White4.00:1AaAa
Slate 503.82:1AaAa
Slate 1003.65:1AaAa
Slate 2003.24:1AaAa
Slate 3002.69:1AaAa
Slate 4001.56:1AaAa
Slate 5001.19:1AaAa
Slate 6001.90:1AaAa
Slate 7002.59:1AaAa
Slate 8003.66:1AaAa
Slate 9004.47:1AaAa
Black5.25:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #887812
deuteranopia · #948424
tritanopia · #B86765

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #a97521 is pinned to step 700; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FBF8F3
#F8F2E8
#F1E2CA
#EDD0A1
#E3B872
#DAA143
#CD8E28
#a97521
#895F1B
#634617
#3E2C0F
Base = 700Lightest = 50 · #FBF8F3Darkest = 950 · #3E2C0FText step on white = 800
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.029 74.2);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.046 74.2);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.069 74.2);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.090 74.2);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.106 74.2);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.115 74.2);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.115 74.2);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.108 74.2);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.097 74.2);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.081 74.2);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.063 74.2);
}

Colors that work with #a97521

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#000000
Black wins here
Surface#FAF8F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDDCC0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B7C4B
Captions on the surface
Accent#1D78AD
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#6B4A15
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FBF4EA
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241E14
Dark-mode background
Hover#8B601B
One step down in lightness
Pressed#6D4C15
Two steps down
Disabled#B3A288
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#C58419
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #a97521

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Headings from 24px up on white
  • Text and icons on dark surfaces
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Headers, footers and dark-mode surfaces
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
Use with care
  • Small text on white — under 4.5:1
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Black text placed on it
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
24px / 18.66px bold
Safe as a fill behind white type
No — use #6B4A15
Safe as a 1px border on white
Yes

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

friendlyenergeticaffordablesocial

Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing.

This is a confident chroma: strong enough to lead a brand, restrained enough to live in an interface all day. The low lightness adds weight and formality.

Worth knowing

Hard to make feel premium, and it collides with the "caution" band in status systems.

Reads as
  • FormalityHigh
  • EnergyMedium-high
  • Weight60/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#2155A9
Analogous left#A93121
Analogous right#99A921
Split-complement 1#2199A9
Split-complement 2#3121A9
Triadic 1#21A975
Triadic 2#7521A9
Tetradic#21A931
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°37°

#a97521 sits at 37°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red66.3%
Green45.9%
Blue12.9%
R · 0–255
169
0xa9
G · 0–255
117
0x75
B · 0–255
33
0x21

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta30.8%
Yellow80.5%
Key (black)33.7%

Total ink coverage is 145%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#a97521 text on a black background

contrast 5.25:1

Card sample

#a97521 text on a white background

contrast 4.00:1

Card sample

#a97521 on grey

3.65:1

#a97521 on its own surface

3.77:1

#a97521 on its dark surface

4.13:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #a97521;
Background color
Panel with #a97521 background
background-color: #a97521;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #a97521;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(169, 117, 33, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(169, 117, 33, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #a97521;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #a97521, #82A921);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #a97521, #60A921);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #a97521;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #a97521;
caret-color: #a97521;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #a97521;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FBF4EA;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #a97521;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#a97521 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #a97521 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(169, 117, 33, 0.5)
rgb(169 117 33 / 50%)
#a9752180
hsl(37 67% 40% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #a97521 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#a975211a#F6F1E9
20%#a9752133#EEE3D3
40%#a9752166#DDC8A6
60%#a9752199#CBAC7A
80%#a97521cc#BA914D

Gradients from #a97521

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #D79731, #a97521 45%, #6B4A15);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #a97521, #658F1C);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #a97521, #2155A9);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #DCA44A 0%, #a97521 45%, #6B4A15 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF8F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #D42F29 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #A3C326 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #6B4A15 0%, transparent 65%), #a97521;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #a97521

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#a97521 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
E-commerceFood deliveryLogisticsCreator tools
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Converts to four-color process without much drama. Proof it anyway.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Usable as-is on a dark surface at 5.25:1.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#a97521, answered

What color is #a97521?

#a97521 is a dark vivid orange, closest to Dark Goldenrod (ΔE2000 7.3). It sits at 37° on the hue wheel with 67% saturation and 40% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #a97521?

rgb(169, 117, 33) — 169 red, 117 green and 33 blue out of 255, or 66.3% / 45.9% / 12.9% by channel.

What is #a97521 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(37, 67%, 40%) and hsv(37, 80%, 66%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #a97521 a light or a dark color?

It is a mid-tone. Relative luminance is 0.2127 and perceived brightness is 51%, so black text on it reaches 5.25:1.

Should I use black or white text on #a97521?

Black. It scores 5.25:1 against #a97521, versus 4.00:1 for white — AA at any size.

Is #a97521 accessible on a white background?

#a97521 on white scores 4.00:1, which only clears AA for large text — 18.66px bold or 24px regular and up. Darken it to #9C6C1F to reach 4.5:1, or #765217 for 7:1.

What is the complementary color of #a97521?

#2155A9 sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #2199A9 and #3121A9, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #a97521?

For interface work: #FAF8F4 as the surface, #EDDCC0 for borders, #9B7C4B for secondary text, #1D78AD as an accent and #6B4A15 for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #A93121 and #99A921 stays calm, while #2155A9 is the loudest partner.

What is #a97521 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 31%, 81%, 34%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — ask your printer for a proof before committing to a run.

Is #a97521 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 6 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #A96521; nudged cooler, #ABA91F.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #a97521?

The amber family — its 500 step is #f59e0b, ΔE2000 17.5 away. That is a visible difference, so define #a97521 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #a97521 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#a97521] or text-[#a97521], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #a97521 with 50% opacity?

rgba(169, 117, 33, 0.5), or #a9752180 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #D4BA90; over black, #553B11.

Is #a97521 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #996633, ΔE2000 8.5 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #a97521 mean?

As a orange, it reads friendly, energetic, affordable. Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #a97521?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #D79731, #a97521 45%, #6B4A15). For more colour, a short hue run to #658F1C keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #a97521 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #a97521 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.