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red · warm

#d91023

a balanced, electric red · warm · closest name: Crimson

Token name suggestion: Atlas Ember

RGB
217, 16, 35
HSL
354°, 86%, 46%
CMYK
0, 93, 84, 15
Luminance
0.1524

#d91023 is a balanced electric red, 354° on the wheel and 20/100 on the cool side. Put white text on it (5.19:1). As text it scores 5.19:1 on white — safe at any size. Nearest name is Crimson, nearest Tailwind family is red.

hsl(354 86% 46%)rgb(217 16 35)Base step 600AA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #d91023 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#d91023
Hue
354°
red
Saturation
86%
electric
Lightness
46%
balanced
Brightness
85%
HSV value
Perceived
47%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.1524
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
20/100 cool
Color family
Red
Tone
Electric
Best ink
White
5.19:1
Closest name
Crimson
ΔE2000 6.1
Chroma
83.9
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.561
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
red
500 · ΔE 9.3
Web-safe
#CC0033
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue354° of 360°
Saturation86%
Lightness46%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #d91023.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool20% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red97%
Green2%
Blue1%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#d91023
HEX (8-digit)#d91023ff
RGBrgb(217, 16, 35)
RGBArgba(217, 16, 35, 1)
HSLhsl(354, 86%, 46%)
HSV / HSBhsv(354, 93%, 85%)
HWBhwb(354 6% 15%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 93%, 84%, 15%)
LABlab(46.0 69.9 46.4)
LCHlch(46.0 83.9 33.6)
OKLCHoklch(0.561 0.222 25.8)
XYZ (D65)xyz(29.11, 15.25, 3.00)
Decimal14225443
Display P3color(display-p3 0.851 0.063 0.137)
Web-safe#CC0033

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #d91023;
background-color: #d91023;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #d91023;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#d91023] bg-[#d91023]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #d91023;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.851, green: 0.063, blue: 0.137)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.851, green: 0.063, blue: 0.137, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#D91023</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFD91023)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFD91023)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(35, 16, 217)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(217, 16, 35)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(217, 16, 35)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 217, 16, 35)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.8510f, 0.0627f, 0.1373f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{217,16,35}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #d91023 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #d91023 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#770913, #EED3D5);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #d91023 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FDF2F3;
  --brand-100: #FAE5E7;
  --brand-200: #F7C5C9;
  --brand-300: #F796A0;
  --brand-400: #F36270;
  --brand-500: #F02E40;
  --brand-600: #d91023;
  --brand-700: #BE0E1F;
  --brand-800: #980B19;
  --brand-900: #6E0D16;
  --brand-950: #45080E;
  --brand: #d91023;
  --brand-ink: #ffffff;
  --brand-surface: #FAF4F5;
  --brand-border: #EDC0C4;
  --brand-hover: #B80E1E;
  --brand-pressed: #970B18;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241415;
    --brand-ink: #EED3D5;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FDF2F3',
        100: '#FAE5E7',
        200: '#F7C5C9',
        300: '#F796A0',
        400: '#F36270',
        500: '#F02E40',
        600: '#d91023',
        700: '#BE0E1F',
        800: '#980B19',
        900: '#6E0D16',
        950: '#45080E',
        DEFAULT: '#d91023',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FDF2F3,
  '100': #FAE5E7,
  '200': #F7C5C9,
  '300': #F796A0,
  '400': #F36270,
  '500': #F02E40,
  '600': #d91023,
  '700': #BE0E1F,
  '800': #980B19,
  '900': #6E0D16,
  '950': #45080E,
);
$brand-base: #d91023;
$brand-ink: #ffffff;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FDF2F3", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#FAE5E7", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#F7C5C9", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#F796A0", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#F36270", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#F02E40", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#d91023", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#BE0E1F", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#980B19", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#6E0D16", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#45080E", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#ffffff", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#ffffff on #d91023 · 5.19:1
Use #ffffffAA at every size, AAA for large text only.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 5.19:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 4.05:1
AA fail · AA large pass · AAA fail
Reading the other direction: #d91023 as text scores 5.19:1 on white and 4.05:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #FDE7E9 at 4.39:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#d91023 · 5.19:1
AA on whitealready passes
#d91023
The quick fox
#B30D1D · 7.02:1
AAA on white−8% L
#B30D1D
The quick fox
#E71125 · 4.50:1
AA on black+3% L
#E71125
The quick fox
#F46A77 · 7.17:1
AAA on black+23% L
#F46A77

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #D91023 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#d91023 on white: 5.19:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#d91023 on black: 4.05:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #d91023 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #d91023.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White5.19:1AaAa
Slate 504.96:1AaAa
Slate 1004.73:1AaAa
Slate 2004.21:1AaAa
Slate 3003.49:1AaAa
Slate 4002.02:1AaAa
Slate 5001.09:1AaAa
Slate 6001.46:1AaAa
Slate 7002.00:1AaAa
Slate 8002.82:1AaAa
Slate 9003.44:1AaAa
Black4.05:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #5C5220
deuteranopia · #8A7B17
tritanopia · #F0001D

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #d91023 is pinned to step 600; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FDF2F3
#FAE5E7
#F7C5C9
#F796A0
#F36270
#F02E40
#d91023
#BE0E1F
#980B19
#6E0D16
#45080E
Base = 600Lightest = 50 · #FDF2F3Darkest = 950 · #45080EText step on white = 600
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.056 25.8);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.089 25.8);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.133 25.8);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.173 25.8);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.205 25.8);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.222 25.8);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.222 25.8);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.209 25.8);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.187 25.8);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.156 25.8);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.122 25.8);
}

Colors that work with #d91023

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#ffffff
White wins here
Surface#FAF4F5
Tinted page background
Border#EDC0C4
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B4B52
Captions on the surface
Accent#0AC282
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#770913
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FDE7E9
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241415
Dark-mode background
Hover#B80E1E
One step down in lightness
Pressed#970B18
Two steps down
Disabled#BF9B9E
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#F9051C
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #d91023

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Body text and links on white
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
  • Chart series and data categories
Use with care
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Status meaning — pair it with an icon or label, never colour alone
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Any size
Safe as a fill behind white type
Yes
Safe as a 1px border on white
Yes

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

urgentappetisingboldphysical

Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing.

At this chroma the association is amplified — it will dominate anything placed beside it, so give it space and use it sparingly. The mid lightness keeps it versatile in both themes.

Worth knowing

It is also the universal error colour. Use it as a brand accent and users may read a warning that is not there.

Reads as
  • FormalityLow
  • EnergyHigh
  • Weight54/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#10D9C6
Analogous left#D91088
Analogous right#D96110
Split-complement 1#10D961
Split-complement 2#1088D9
Triadic 1#23D910
Triadic 2#1023D9
Tetradic#88D910
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°354°

#d91023 sits at 354°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red85.1%
Green6.3%
Blue13.7%
R · 0–255
217
0xd9
G · 0–255
16
0x10
B · 0–255
35
0x23

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta92.6%
Yellow83.9%
Key (black)14.9%

Total ink coverage is 191%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#d91023 text on a black background

contrast 4.05:1

Card sample

#d91023 text on a white background

contrast 5.19:1

Card sample

#d91023 on grey

4.73:1

#d91023 on its own surface

4.77:1

#d91023 on its dark surface

3.41:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #d91023;
Background color
Panel with #d91023 background
background-color: #d91023;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #d91023;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(217, 16, 35, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(217, 16, 35, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #d91023;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d91023, #D98310);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #d91023, #D9B510);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #d91023;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #d91023;
caret-color: #d91023;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #d91023;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FDE7E9;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #d91023;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#d91023 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #d91023 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(217, 16, 35, 0.5)
rgb(217 16 35 / 50%)
#d9102380
hsl(354 86% 46% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #d91023 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#d910231a#FBE7E9
20%#d9102333#F7CFD3
40%#d9102366#F09FA7
60%#d9102399#E8707B
80%#d91023cc#E1404F

Gradients from #d91023

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #F03648, #d91023 45%, #770913);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #d91023, #BD800E);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #d91023, #10D9C6);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #F25362 0%, #d91023 45%, #770913 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF4F5, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #F02DB1 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #EE811A 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #770913 0%, transparent 65%), #d91023;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #d91023

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#d91023 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
Food and drinkEntertainmentRetailSport
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Sits outside most CMYK gamuts — expect a duller press result, or specify a spot ink.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Too dim on dark surfaces at 4.05:1 — lift it to #E71125 for body text, or reserve it for fills.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#d91023, answered

What color is #d91023?

#d91023 is a balanced electric red, closest to Crimson (ΔE2000 6.1). It sits at 354° on the hue wheel with 86% saturation and 46% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #d91023?

rgb(217, 16, 35) — 217 red, 16 green and 35 blue out of 255, or 85.1% / 6.3% / 13.7% by channel.

What is #d91023 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(354, 86%, 46%) and hsv(354, 93%, 85%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #d91023 a light or a dark color?

It is a dark color. Relative luminance is 0.1524 and perceived brightness is 47%, so white text on it reaches 5.19:1.

Should I use black or white text on #d91023?

White. It scores 5.19:1 against #d91023, versus 4.05:1 for black — AA at any size.

Is #d91023 accessible on a white background?

#d91023 on white scores 5.19:1, which clears AA at every size but not AAA.

What is the complementary color of #d91023?

#10D9C6 sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #10D961 and #1088D9, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #d91023?

For interface work: #FAF4F5 as the surface, #EDC0C4 for borders, #9B4B52 for secondary text, #0AC282 as an accent and #770913 for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #D91088 and #D96110 stays calm, while #10D9C6 is the loudest partner.

What is #d91023 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 93%, 84%, 15%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — a color this saturated sits outside most CMYK gamuts and will print duller than it looks here.

Is #d91023 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 20 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #D93710; nudged cooler, #DB0E6D.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #d91023?

The red family — its 500 step is #ef4444, ΔE2000 9.3 away. That is a visible difference, so define #d91023 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #d91023 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#d91023] or text-[#d91023], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #d91023 with 50% opacity?

rgba(217, 16, 35, 0.5), or #d9102380 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #EC8891; over black, #6D0812.

Is #d91023 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #CC0033, ΔE2000 6.4 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #d91023 mean?

As a red, it reads urgent, appetising, bold. Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #d91023?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #F03648, #d91023 45%, #770913). For more colour, a short hue run to #BD800E keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #d91023 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #d91023 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.