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yellow · warm

#ecac28

a balanced, electric yellow · warm · closest name: Goldenrod

Token name suggestion: True Citron

RGB
236, 172, 40
HSL
40°, 84%, 54%
CMYK
0, 27, 83, 8
Luminance
0.4749

#ecac28 is a balanced electric yellow, 40° on the wheel and 9/100 on the cool side. Put black text on it (10.50:1). As text it scores 2.00:1 on white — use #9B6D0E instead. Nearest name is Goldenrod, nearest Tailwind family is yellow.

hsl(40 84% 54%)rgb(236 172 40)Base step 500AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #ecac28 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#ecac28
Hue
40°
yellow
Saturation
84%
electric
Lightness
54%
balanced
Brightness
93%
HSV value
Perceived
73%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.4749
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
9/100 cool
Color family
Yellow
Tone
Electric
Best ink
Black
10.50:1
Closest name
Goldenrod
ΔE2000 3.7
Chroma
71.5
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.785
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
yellow
500 · ΔE 4.1
Web-safe
#FF9933
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue40° of 360°
Saturation84%
Lightness54%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #ecac28.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool9% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red38%
Green62%
Blue0%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#ecac28
HEX (8-digit)#ecac28ff
RGBrgb(236, 172, 40)
RGBArgba(236, 172, 40, 1)
HSLhsl(40, 84%, 54%)
HSV / HSBhsv(40, 83%, 93%)
HWBhwb(40 16% 7%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 27%, 83%, 8%)
LABlab(74.5 12.8 70.4)
LCHlch(74.5 71.5 79.7)
OKLCHoklch(0.785 0.153 79.6)
XYZ (D65)xyz(49.73, 47.50, 8.56)
Decimal15510568
Display P3color(display-p3 0.925 0.675 0.157)
Web-safe#FF9933

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #ecac28;
background-color: #ecac28;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #ecac28;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#ecac28] bg-[#ecac28]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #ecac28;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.925, green: 0.675, blue: 0.157)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.925, green: 0.675, blue: 0.157, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#ECAC28</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFECAC28)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFECAC28)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(40, 172, 236)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(236, 172, 40)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(236, 172, 40)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 236, 172, 40)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.9255f, 0.6745f, 0.1569f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{236,172,40}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #ecac28 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #ecac28 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#75520A, #EEE5D3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #ecac28 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FCF9F2;
  --brand-100: #FAF3E6;
  --brand-200: #F6E6C5;
  --brand-300: #F6D798;
  --brand-400: #F1C364;
  --brand-500: #ecac28;
  --brand-600: #E19E14;
  --brand-700: #BB8411;
  --brand-800: #96690D;
  --brand-900: #6C4E0E;
  --brand-950: #443009;
  --brand: #ecac28;
  --brand-ink: #000000;
  --brand-surface: #FAF8F4;
  --brand-border: #EDDEC0;
  --brand-hover: #DD9B13;
  --brand-pressed: #BC8411;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241F14;
    --brand-ink: #EEE5D3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FCF9F2',
        100: '#FAF3E6',
        200: '#F6E6C5',
        300: '#F6D798',
        400: '#F1C364',
        500: '#ecac28',
        600: '#E19E14',
        700: '#BB8411',
        800: '#96690D',
        900: '#6C4E0E',
        950: '#443009',
        DEFAULT: '#ecac28',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FCF9F2,
  '100': #FAF3E6,
  '200': #F6E6C5,
  '300': #F6D798,
  '400': #F1C364,
  '500': #ecac28,
  '600': #E19E14,
  '700': #BB8411,
  '800': #96690D,
  '900': #6C4E0E,
  '950': #443009,
);
$brand-base: #ecac28;
$brand-ink: #000000;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FCF9F2", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#FAF3E6", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#F6E6C5", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#F6D798", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#F1C364", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#ecac28", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#E19E14", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#BB8411", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#96690D", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#6C4E0E", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#443009", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#000000", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#000000 on #ecac28 · 10.50:1
Use #000000AAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 2.00:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 10.50:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Reading the other direction: #ecac28 as text scores 2.00:1 on white and 10.50:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #75520A at 3.54:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#9B6D0E · 4.58:1
AA on white−21% L
#9B6D0E
The quick fox
#714F0A · 7.43:1
AAA on white−30% L
#714F0A
The quick fox
#ecac28 · 10.50:1
AA on blackalready passes
#ecac28
The quick fox
#ecac28 · 10.50:1
AAA on blackalready passes
#ecac28

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #C18711 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#ecac28 on white: 2.00:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#ecac28 on black: 10.50:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #ecac28 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #ecac28.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White2.00:1AaAa
Slate 501.91:1AaAa
Slate 1001.83:1AaAa
Slate 2001.62:1AaAa
Slate 3001.35:1AaAa
Slate 4001.28:1AaAa
Slate 5002.38:1AaAa
Slate 6003.79:1AaAa
Slate 7005.18:1AaAa
Slate 8007.31:1AaAa
Slate 9008.92:1AaAa
Black10.50:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #C5AE00
deuteranopia · #D4BE2F
tritanopia · #FF9A94

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #ecac28 is pinned to step 500; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FCF9F2
#FAF3E6
#F6E6C5
#F6D798
#F1C364
#ecac28
#E19E14
#BB8411
#96690D
#6C4E0E
#443009
Base = 500Lightest = 50 · #FCF9F2Darkest = 950 · #443009Text step on white = 800
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.038 79.6);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.061 79.6);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.092 79.6);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.119 79.6);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.141 79.6);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.153 79.6);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.153 79.6);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.144 79.6);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.128 79.6);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.107 79.6);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.084 79.6);
}

Colors that work with #ecac28

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#000000
Black wins here
Surface#FAF8F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDDEC0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B814B
Captions on the surface
Accent#0C74C0
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#75520A
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FDF6E8
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241F14
Dark-mode background
Hover#DD9B13
One step down in lightness
Pressed#BC8411
Two steps down
Disabled#CFC7B5
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#F8B730
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #ecac28

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Text and icons on dark surfaces
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
  • Chart series and data categories
Use with care
  • Text of any size on white — fails WCAG AA
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Thin strokes and 1px borders — they disappear on light UI
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Not as text
Safe as a fill behind white type
No — use #75520A
Safe as a 1px border on white
No — use #C18711

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

optimisticalertcheap-and-cheerfulvisible

The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail.

At this chroma the association is amplified — it will dominate anything placed beside it, so give it space and use it sparingly. The mid lightness keeps it versatile in both themes.

Worth knowing

Almost never passes contrast against white. Treat it as a surface or a marker, not as text.

Reads as
  • FormalityLow
  • EnergyHigh
  • Weight46/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#2868EC
Analogous left#EC4A28
Analogous right#CAEC28
Split-complement 1#28CAEC
Split-complement 2#4A28EC
Triadic 1#28ECAC
Triadic 2#AC28EC
Tetradic#28EC4A
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°40°

#ecac28 sits at 40°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red92.5%
Green67.5%
Blue15.7%
R · 0–255
236
0xec
G · 0–255
172
0xac
B · 0–255
40
0x28

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta27.1%
Yellow83.1%
Key (black)7.5%

Total ink coverage is 118%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#ecac28 text on a black background

contrast 10.50:1

Card sample

#ecac28 text on a white background

contrast 2.00:1

Card sample

#ecac28 on grey

1.83:1

#ecac28 on its own surface

1.89:1

#ecac28 on its dark surface

8.19:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #ecac28;
Background color
Panel with #ecac28 background
background-color: #ecac28;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #ecac28;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(236, 172, 40, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(236, 172, 40, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #ecac28;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ecac28, #A9EC28);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ecac28, #78EC28);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #ecac28;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #ecac28;
caret-color: #ecac28;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #ecac28;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FDF6E8;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #ecac28;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#ecac28 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #ecac28 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(236, 172, 40, 0.5)
rgb(236 172 40 / 50%)
#ecac2880
hsl(40 84% 54% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #ecac28 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#ecac281a#FDF7EA
20%#ecac2833#FBEED4
40%#ecac2866#F7DEA9
60%#ecac2899#F4CD7E
80%#ecac28cc#F0BD53

Gradients from #ecac28

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #F1C260, #ecac28 45%, #75520A);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #ecac28, #8AE114);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ecac28, #2868EC);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #F3CD7C 0%, #ecac28 45%, #75520A 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF8F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #F06557 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #C3EF44 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #75520A 0%, transparent 65%), #ecac28;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #ecac28

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#ecac28 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
RetailLeisureEnergyWarning systems
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Sits outside most CMYK gamuts — expect a duller press result, or specify a spot ink.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Usable as-is on a dark surface at 10.50:1.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#ecac28, answered

What color is #ecac28?

#ecac28 is a balanced electric yellow, closest to Goldenrod (ΔE2000 3.7). It sits at 40° on the hue wheel with 84% saturation and 54% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #ecac28?

rgb(236, 172, 40) — 236 red, 172 green and 40 blue out of 255, or 92.5% / 67.5% / 15.7% by channel.

What is #ecac28 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(40, 84%, 54%) and hsv(40, 83%, 93%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #ecac28 a light or a dark color?

It is a mid-tone. Relative luminance is 0.4749 and perceived brightness is 73%, so black text on it reaches 10.50:1.

Should I use black or white text on #ecac28?

Black. It scores 10.50:1 against #ecac28, versus 2.00:1 for white — AAA at any size.

Is #ecac28 accessible on a white background?

#ecac28 on white scores 2.00:1, which fails WCAG AA at every size. Darken it to #9B6D0E to reach 4.5:1, or #714F0A for 7:1.

What is the complementary color of #ecac28?

#2868EC sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #28CAEC and #4A28EC, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #ecac28?

For interface work: #FAF8F4 as the surface, #EDDEC0 for borders, #9B814B for secondary text, #0C74C0 as an accent and #75520A for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #EC4A28 and #CAEC28 stays calm, while #2868EC is the loudest partner.

What is #ecac28 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 27%, 83%, 8%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — a color this saturated sits outside most CMYK gamuts and will print duller than it looks here.

Is #ecac28 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 9 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #EC9128; nudged cooler, #E6EE26.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #ecac28?

The yellow family — its 500 step is #eab308, ΔE2000 4.1 away. That is a visible difference, so define #ecac28 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #ecac28 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#ecac28] or text-[#ecac28], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #ecac28 with 50% opacity?

rgba(236, 172, 40, 0.5), or #ecac2880 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #F6D694; over black, #765614.

Is #ecac28 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #FF9933, ΔE2000 11.6 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #ecac28 mean?

As a yellow, it reads optimistic, alert, cheap-and-cheerful. The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #ecac28?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #F1C260, #ecac28 45%, #75520A). For more colour, a short hue run to #8AE114 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #ecac28 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #ecac28 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.