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orange · warm

#fd9b46

a balanced, electric orange · warm · closest name: Sandy Brown

Token name suggestion: Signal Marmalade

RGB
253, 155, 70
HSL
28°, 98%, 63%
CMYK
0, 39, 72, 1
Luminance
0.4477

#fd9b46 is a balanced electric orange, 28° on the wheel and 1/100 on the cool side. Put black text on it (9.95:1). As text it scores 2.11:1 on white — use #BC5902 instead. Nearest name is Sandy Brown, nearest Tailwind family is amber.

hsl(28 98% 63%)rgb(253 155 70)Base step 400AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #fd9b46 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#fd9b46
Hue
28°
orange
Saturation
98%
electric
Lightness
63%
balanced
Brightness
99%
HSV value
Perceived
72%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.4477
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
1/100 cool
Color family
Orange
Tone
Electric
Best ink
Black
9.95:1
Closest name
Sandy Brown
ΔE2000 3.8
Chroma
65.4
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.776
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
amber
500 · ΔE 8.2
Web-safe
#FF9933
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue28° of 360°
Saturation98%
Lightness63%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #fd9b46.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool1% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red47%
Green52%
Blue1%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#fd9b46
HEX (8-digit)#fd9b46ff
RGBrgb(253, 155, 70)
RGBArgba(253, 155, 70, 1)
HSLhsl(28, 98%, 63%)
HSV / HSBhsv(28, 72%, 99%)
HWBhwb(28 27% 1%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 39%, 72%, 1%)
LABlab(72.7 29.9 58.1)
LCHlch(72.7 65.4 62.8)
OKLCHoklch(0.776 0.152 58.3)
XYZ (D65)xyz(53.34, 44.77, 11.63)
Decimal16620358
Display P3color(display-p3 0.992 0.608 0.275)
Web-safe#FF9933

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #fd9b46;
background-color: #fd9b46;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #fd9b46;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#fd9b46] bg-[#fd9b46]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #fd9b46;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.992, green: 0.608, blue: 0.275)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.992, green: 0.608, blue: 0.275, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#FD9B46</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFFD9B46)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFFD9B46)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(70, 155, 253)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(253, 155, 70)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(253, 155, 70)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 253, 155, 70)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.9922f, 0.6078f, 0.2745f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{253,155,70}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #fd9b46 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #fd9b46 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#7E3B01, #EEDFD3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #fd9b46 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FDF7F1;
  --brand-100: #FCEFE3;
  --brand-200: #FBDCC1;
  --brand-300: #FEC390;
  --brand-400: #fd9b46;
  --brand-500: #FD8721;
  --brand-600: #F27203;
  --brand-700: #CA5F02;
  --brand-800: #A14C02;
  --brand-900: #743906;
  --brand-950: #492404;
  --brand: #fd9b46;
  --brand-ink: #000000;
  --brand-surface: #FAF7F4;
  --brand-border: #EDD5C0;
  --brand-hover: #FD8822;
  --brand-pressed: #F97503;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241B14;
    --brand-ink: #EEDFD3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FDF7F1',
        100: '#FCEFE3',
        200: '#FBDCC1',
        300: '#FEC390',
        400: '#fd9b46',
        500: '#FD8721',
        600: '#F27203',
        700: '#CA5F02',
        800: '#A14C02',
        900: '#743906',
        950: '#492404',
        DEFAULT: '#fd9b46',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FDF7F1,
  '100': #FCEFE3,
  '200': #FBDCC1,
  '300': #FEC390,
  '400': #fd9b46,
  '500': #FD8721,
  '600': #F27203,
  '700': #CA5F02,
  '800': #A14C02,
  '900': #743906,
  '950': #492404,
);
$brand-base: #fd9b46;
$brand-ink: #000000;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FDF7F1", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#FCEFE3", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#FBDCC1", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#FEC390", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#fd9b46", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#FD8721", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#F27203", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#CA5F02", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#A14C02", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#743906", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#492404", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#000000", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#000000 on #fd9b46 · 9.95:1
Use #000000AAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 2.11:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 9.95:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Reading the other direction: #fd9b46 as text scores 2.11:1 on white and 9.95:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #7E3B01 at 3.96:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#BC5902 · 4.60:1
AA on white−26% L
#BC5902
The quick fox
#8F4302 · 7.07:1
AAA on white−35% L
#8F4302
The quick fox
#fd9b46 · 9.95:1
AA on blackalready passes
#fd9b46
The quick fox
#fd9b46 · 9.95:1
AAA on blackalready passes
#fd9b46

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #EF7003 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#fd9b46 on white: 2.11:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#fd9b46 on black: 9.95:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #fd9b46 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #fd9b46.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White2.11:1AaAa
Slate 502.02:1AaAa
Slate 1001.93:1AaAa
Slate 2001.71:1AaAa
Slate 3001.42:1AaAa
Slate 4001.22:1AaAa
Slate 5002.26:1AaAa
Slate 6003.59:1AaAa
Slate 7004.91:1AaAa
Slate 8006.93:1AaAa
Slate 9008.46:1AaAa
Black9.95:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #B8A53C
deuteranopia · #D0BB46
tritanopia · #FF8689

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #fd9b46 is pinned to step 400; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FDF7F1
#FCEFE3
#FBDCC1
#FEC390
#fd9b46
#FD8721
#F27203
#CA5F02
#A14C02
#743906
#492404
Base = 400Lightest = 50 · #FDF7F1Darkest = 950 · #492404Text step on white = 800
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.038 58.3);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.061 58.3);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.091 58.3);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.119 58.3);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.140 58.3);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.152 58.3);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.152 58.3);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.143 58.3);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.128 58.3);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.107 58.3);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.084 58.3);
}

Colors that work with #fd9b46

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#000000
Black wins here
Surface#FAF7F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDD5C0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B704B
Captions on the surface
Accent#00A0CC
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#7E3B01
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FFF1E6
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241B14
Dark-mode background
Hover#FD8822
One step down in lightness
Pressed#F97503
Two steps down
Disabled#E2D9D1
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#FFA658
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #fd9b46

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Text and icons on dark surfaces
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
  • Chart series and data categories
Use with care
  • Text of any size on white — fails WCAG AA
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Not as text
Safe as a fill behind white type
No — use #7E3B01
Safe as a 1px border on white
No — use #EF7003

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

friendlyenergeticaffordablesocial

Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing.

At this chroma the association is amplified — it will dominate anything placed beside it, so give it space and use it sparingly. The mid lightness keeps it versatile in both themes.

Worth knowing

Hard to make feel premium, and it collides with the "caution" band in status systems.

Reads as
  • FormalityLow
  • EnergyHigh
  • Weight37/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#46A8FD
Analogous left#FD464C
Analogous right#FDF746
Split-complement 1#46FDF7
Split-complement 2#464CFD
Triadic 1#46FD9B
Triadic 2#9B46FD
Tetradic#4CFD46
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°28°

#fd9b46 sits at 28°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red99.2%
Green60.8%
Blue27.5%
R · 0–255
253
0xfd
G · 0–255
155
0x9b
B · 0–255
70
0x46

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta38.7%
Yellow72.3%
Key (black)0.8%

Total ink coverage is 112%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#fd9b46 text on a black background

contrast 9.95:1

Card sample

#fd9b46 text on a white background

contrast 2.11:1

Card sample

#fd9b46 on grey

1.93:1

#fd9b46 on its own surface

1.98:1

#fd9b46 on its dark surface

8.01:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #fd9b46;
Background color
Panel with #fd9b46 background
background-color: #fd9b46;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #fd9b46;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(253, 155, 70, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(253, 155, 70, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #fd9b46;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fd9b46, #E5FD46);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fd9b46, #B7FD46);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #fd9b46;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #fd9b46;
caret-color: #fd9b46;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #fd9b46;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FFF1E6;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #fd9b46;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#fd9b46 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #fd9b46 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(253, 155, 70, 0.5)
rgb(253 155 70 / 50%)
#fd9b4680
hsl(28 98% 63% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #fd9b46 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#fd9b461a#FFF5ED
20%#fd9b4633#FFEBDA
40%#fd9b4666#FED7B5
60%#fd9b4699#FEC390
80%#fd9b46cc#FDAF6B

Gradients from #fd9b46

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #FEBC82, #fd9b46 45%, #7E3B01);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #fd9b46, #CFFD28);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fd9b46, #46A8FD);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #FECCA1 0%, #fd9b46 45%, #7E3B01 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF7F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #FE7888 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #F6FD64 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #7E3B01 0%, transparent 65%), #fd9b46;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #fd9b46

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#fd9b46 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
E-commerceFood deliveryLogisticsCreator tools
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Sits outside most CMYK gamuts — expect a duller press result, or specify a spot ink.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Usable as-is on a dark surface at 9.95:1.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#fd9b46, answered

What color is #fd9b46?

#fd9b46 is a balanced electric orange, closest to Sandy Brown (ΔE2000 3.8). It sits at 28° on the hue wheel with 98% saturation and 63% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #fd9b46?

rgb(253, 155, 70) — 253 red, 155 green and 70 blue out of 255, or 99.2% / 60.8% / 27.5% by channel.

What is #fd9b46 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(28, 98%, 63%) and hsv(28, 72%, 99%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #fd9b46 a light or a dark color?

It is a mid-tone. Relative luminance is 0.4477 and perceived brightness is 72%, so black text on it reaches 9.95:1.

Should I use black or white text on #fd9b46?

Black. It scores 9.95:1 against #fd9b46, versus 2.11:1 for white — AAA at any size.

Is #fd9b46 accessible on a white background?

#fd9b46 on white scores 2.11:1, which fails WCAG AA at every size. Darken it to #BC5902 to reach 4.5:1, or #8F4302 for 7:1.

What is the complementary color of #fd9b46?

#46A8FD sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #46FDF7 and #464CFD, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #fd9b46?

For interface work: #FAF7F4 as the surface, #EDD5C0 for borders, #9B704B for secondary text, #00A0CC as an accent and #7E3B01 for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #FD464C and #FDF746 stays calm, while #46A8FD is the loudest partner.

What is #fd9b46 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 39%, 72%, 1%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — a color this saturated sits outside most CMYK gamuts and will print duller than it looks here.

Is #fd9b46 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 1 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #FDA55F; nudged cooler, #FF5644.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #fd9b46?

The amber family — its 500 step is #f59e0b, ΔE2000 8.2 away. That is a visible difference, so define #fd9b46 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #fd9b46 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#fd9b46] or text-[#fd9b46], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #fd9b46 with 50% opacity?

rgba(253, 155, 70, 0.5), or #fd9b4680 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #FECDA3; over black, #7F4E23.

Is #fd9b46 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #FF9933, ΔE2000 2.3 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #fd9b46 mean?

As a orange, it reads friendly, energetic, affordable. Orange is red with the aggression taken out — approachable, active, and strongly associated with buying and doing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #fd9b46?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #FEBC82, #fd9b46 45%, #7E3B01). For more colour, a short hue run to #CFFD28 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #fd9b46 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #fd9b46 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.