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red · warm

#af4d2e

a dark, vivid red · warm · closest name: Sienna

Token name suggestion: Forest Cardinal

RGB
175, 77, 46
HSL
14°, 58%, 43%
CMYK
0, 56, 74, 31
Luminance
0.1462

#af4d2e is a dark vivid red, 14° on the wheel and 9/100 on the cool side. Put white text on it (5.35:1). As text it scores 5.35:1 on white — safe at any size. Nearest name is Sienna, nearest Tailwind family is red.

hsl(14 58% 43%)rgb(175 77 46)Base step 700AA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #af4d2e is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#af4d2e
Hue
14°
red
Saturation
58%
vivid
Lightness
43%
dark
Brightness
69%
HSV value
Perceived
45%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.1462
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
9/100 cool
Color family
Red
Tone
Vivid
Best ink
White
5.35:1
Closest name
Sienna
ΔE2000 4.4
Chroma
53.2
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.541
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
red
500 · ΔE 14.3
Web-safe
#996633
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue14° of 360°
Saturation58%
Lightness43%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #af4d2e.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool9% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red62%
Green36%
Blue1%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#af4d2e
HEX (8-digit)#af4d2eff
RGBrgb(175, 77, 46)
RGBArgba(175, 77, 46, 1)
HSLhsl(14, 58%, 43%)
HSV / HSBhsv(14, 74%, 69%)
HWBhwb(14 18% 31%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 56%, 74%, 31%)
LABlab(45.1 38.0 37.2)
LCHlch(45.1 53.2 44.4)
OKLCHoklch(0.541 0.136 37.9)
XYZ (D65)xyz(20.83, 14.62, 4.31)
Decimal11488558
Display P3color(display-p3 0.686 0.302 0.180)
Web-safe#996633

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #af4d2e;
background-color: #af4d2e;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #af4d2e;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#af4d2e] bg-[#af4d2e]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #af4d2e;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.686, green: 0.302, blue: 0.180)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.686, green: 0.302, blue: 0.180, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#AF4D2E</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFAF4D2E)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFAF4D2E)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(46, 77, 175)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(175, 77, 46)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(175, 77, 46)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 175, 77, 46)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.6863f, 0.3020f, 0.1804f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{175,77,46}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #af4d2e 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #af4d2e 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#652C1B, #EED9D3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #af4d2e h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FBF6F4;
  --brand-100: #F7ECE9;
  --brand-200: #EFD5CD;
  --brand-300: #E8B6A6;
  --brand-400: #DC917A;
  --brand-500: #D06D4D;
  --brand-600: #C25533;
  --brand-700: #af4d2e;
  --brand-800: #813922;
  --brand-900: #5E2C1C;
  --brand-950: #3B1C12;
  --brand: #af4d2e;
  --brand-ink: #ffffff;
  --brand-surface: #FAF6F4;
  --brand-border: #EDCBC0;
  --brand-hover: #934027;
  --brand-pressed: #76341F;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #241814;
    --brand-ink: #EED9D3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FBF6F4',
        100: '#F7ECE9',
        200: '#EFD5CD',
        300: '#E8B6A6',
        400: '#DC917A',
        500: '#D06D4D',
        600: '#C25533',
        700: '#af4d2e',
        800: '#813922',
        900: '#5E2C1C',
        950: '#3B1C12',
        DEFAULT: '#af4d2e',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FBF6F4,
  '100': #F7ECE9,
  '200': #EFD5CD,
  '300': #E8B6A6,
  '400': #DC917A,
  '500': #D06D4D,
  '600': #C25533,
  '700': #af4d2e,
  '800': #813922,
  '900': #5E2C1C,
  '950': #3B1C12,
);
$brand-base: #af4d2e;
$brand-ink: #ffffff;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FBF6F4", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#F7ECE9", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#EFD5CD", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#E8B6A6", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#DC917A", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#D06D4D", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#C25533", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#af4d2e", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#813922", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#5E2C1C", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#3B1C12", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#ffffff", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#ffffff on #af4d2e · 5.35:1
Use #ffffffAA at every size, AAA for large text only.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 5.35:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 3.92:1
AA fail · AA large pass · AAA fail
Reading the other direction: #af4d2e as text scores 5.35:1 on white and 3.92:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #FAEEEB at 4.71:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#af4d2e · 5.35:1
AA on whitealready passes
#af4d2e
The quick fox
#8F3F25 · 7.23:1
AAA on white−8% L
#8F3F25
The quick fox
#BF5432 · 4.53:1
AA on black+4% L
#BF5432
The quick fox
#D67E63 · 7.02:1
AAA on black+18% L
#D67E63

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #AF4D2E is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#af4d2e on white: 5.35:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#af4d2e on black: 3.92:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #af4d2e as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #af4d2e.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White5.35:1AaAa
Slate 505.12:1AaAa
Slate 1004.89:1AaAa
Slate 2004.34:1AaAa
Slate 3003.60:1AaAa
Slate 4002.09:1AaAa
Slate 5001.12:1AaAa
Slate 6001.42:1AaAa
Slate 7001.93:1AaAa
Slate 8002.73:1AaAa
Slate 9003.34:1AaAa
Black3.92:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #685D2A
deuteranopia · #80732B
tritanopia · #C03846

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #af4d2e is pinned to step 700; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FBF6F4
#F7ECE9
#EFD5CD
#E8B6A6
#DC917A
#D06D4D
#C25533
#af4d2e
#813922
#5E2C1C
#3B1C12
Base = 700Lightest = 50 · #FBF6F4Darkest = 950 · #3B1C12Text step on white = 600
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.034 37.9);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.054 37.9);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.082 37.9);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.106 37.9);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.125 37.9);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.136 37.9);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.136 37.9);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.128 37.9);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.114 37.9);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.095 37.9);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.075 37.9);
}

Colors that work with #af4d2e

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#ffffff
White wins here
Surface#FAF6F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDCBC0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B5E4B
Captions on the surface
Accent#27A5A4
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#652C1B
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FAEEEB
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#241814
Dark-mode background
Hover#934027
One step down in lightness
Pressed#76341F
Two steps down
Disabled#BA9C93
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#CB4E26
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #af4d2e

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Body text and links on white
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Headers, footers and dark-mode surfaces
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
Use with care
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Black text placed on it
  • Status meaning — pair it with an icon or label, never colour alone
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Any size
Safe as a fill behind white type
Yes
Safe as a 1px border on white
Yes

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

urgentappetisingboldphysical

Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing.

This is a confident chroma: strong enough to lead a brand, restrained enough to live in an interface all day. The low lightness adds weight and formality.

Worth knowing

It is also the universal error colour. Use it as a brand accent and users may read a warning that is not there.

Reads as
  • FormalityHigh
  • EnergyMedium-high
  • Weight57/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#2E90AF
Analogous left#AF2E4F
Analogous right#AF8D2E
Split-complement 1#2EAF8D
Split-complement 2#2E4FAF
Triadic 1#2EAF4D
Triadic 2#4D2EAF
Tetradic#4FAF2E
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°14°

#af4d2e sits at 14°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red68.6%
Green30.2%
Blue18.0%
R · 0–255
175
0xaf
G · 0–255
77
0x4d
B · 0–255
46
0x2e

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta56.0%
Yellow73.7%
Key (black)31.4%

Total ink coverage is 161%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#af4d2e text on a black background

contrast 3.92:1

Card sample

#af4d2e text on a white background

contrast 5.35:1

Card sample

#af4d2e on grey

4.89:1

#af4d2e on its own surface

4.98:1

#af4d2e on its dark surface

3.23:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #af4d2e;
Background color
Panel with #af4d2e background
background-color: #af4d2e;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #af4d2e;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(175, 77, 46, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(175, 77, 46, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #af4d2e;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #af4d2e, #AFA32E);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #af4d2e, #9BAF2E);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #af4d2e;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #af4d2e;
caret-color: #af4d2e;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #af4d2e;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FAEEEB;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #af4d2e;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#af4d2e 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #af4d2e over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(175, 77, 46, 0.5)
rgb(175 77 46 / 50%)
#af4d2e80
hsl(14 58% 43% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #af4d2e 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#af4d2e1a#F7EDEA
20%#af4d2e33#EFDBD5
40%#af4d2e66#DFB8AB
60%#af4d2e99#CF9482
80%#af4d2ecc#BF7158

Gradients from #af4d2e

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #D06A4A, #af4d2e 45%, #652C1B);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #af4d2e, #979628);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #af4d2e, #2E90AF);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #D67E63 0%, #af4d2e 45%, #652C1B 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF6F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #CD4272 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #C7AD34 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #652C1B 0%, transparent 65%), #af4d2e;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #af4d2e

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#af4d2e in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
Food and drinkEntertainmentRetailSport
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Converts to four-color process without much drama. Proof it anyway.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Too dim on dark surfaces at 3.92:1 — lift it to #BF5432 for body text, or reserve it for fills.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#af4d2e, answered

What color is #af4d2e?

#af4d2e is a dark vivid red, closest to Sienna (ΔE2000 4.4). It sits at 14° on the hue wheel with 58% saturation and 43% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #af4d2e?

rgb(175, 77, 46) — 175 red, 77 green and 46 blue out of 255, or 68.6% / 30.2% / 18% by channel.

What is #af4d2e in HSL and HSV?

hsl(14, 58%, 43%) and hsv(14, 74%, 69%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #af4d2e a light or a dark color?

It is a dark color. Relative luminance is 0.1462 and perceived brightness is 45%, so white text on it reaches 5.35:1.

Should I use black or white text on #af4d2e?

White. It scores 5.35:1 against #af4d2e, versus 3.92:1 for black — AA at any size.

Is #af4d2e accessible on a white background?

#af4d2e on white scores 5.35:1, which clears AA at every size but not AAA.

What is the complementary color of #af4d2e?

#2E90AF sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #2EAF8D and #2E4FAF, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #af4d2e?

For interface work: #FAF6F4 as the surface, #EDCBC0 for borders, #9B5E4B for secondary text, #27A5A4 as an accent and #652C1B for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #AF2E4F and #AF8D2E stays calm, while #2E90AF is the loudest partner.

What is #af4d2e in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 56%, 74%, 31%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — ask your printer for a proof before committing to a run.

Is #af4d2e warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 9 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #AF5C2E; nudged cooler, #B12C3D.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #af4d2e?

The red family — its 500 step is #ef4444, ΔE2000 14.3 away. That is a visible difference, so define #af4d2e as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #af4d2e in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#af4d2e] or text-[#af4d2e], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #af4d2e with 50% opacity?

rgba(175, 77, 46, 0.5), or #af4d2e80 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #D7A697; over black, #582717.

Is #af4d2e a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #996633, ΔE2000 13.6 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #af4d2e mean?

As a red, it reads urgent, appetising, bold. Red arrives before the rest of the page does. It raises attention and appetite, which is why it runs food, sport and clearance pricing. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #af4d2e?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #D06A4A, #af4d2e 45%, #652C1B). For more colour, a short hue run to #979628 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #af4d2e in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #af4d2e at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.