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yellow · warm

#ffd91f

a balanced, electric yellow · warm · “Gold”

Token name suggestion: Atlas Straw

RGB
255, 217, 31
HSL
50°, 100%, 56%
CMYK
0, 15, 88, 0
Luminance
0.7098

#ffd91f is a balanced electric yellow, 50° on the wheel and 17/100 on the cool side. Put black text on it (15.20:1). As text it scores 1.38:1 on white — use #8A7300 instead. Nearest name is Gold, nearest Tailwind family is yellow.

hsl(50 100% 56%)rgb(255 217 31)Base step 500AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #ffd91f is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#ffd91f
Hue
50°
yellow
Saturation
100%
electric
Lightness
56%
balanced
Brightness
100%
HSV value
Perceived
85%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.7098
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
17/100 cool
Color family
Yellow
Tone
Electric
Best ink
Black
15.20:1
Closest name
Gold
ΔE2000 0.9
Chroma
83.9
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.891
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
yellow
500 · ΔE 10
Web-safe
#FFCC33
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue50° of 360°
Saturation100%
Lightness56%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #ffd91f.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool17% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red30%
Green70%
Blue0%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#ffd91f
HEX (8-digit)#ffd91fff
RGBrgb(255, 217, 31)
RGBArgba(255, 217, 31, 1)
HSLhsl(50, 100%, 56%)
HSV / HSBhsv(50, 88%, 100%)
HWBhwb(50 12% 0%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 15%, 88%, 0%)
LABlab(87.5 -2.6 83.9)
LCHlch(87.5 83.9 91.8)
OKLCHoklch(0.891 0.178 95.7)
XYZ (D65)xyz(66.30, 70.99, 11.51)
Decimal16767263
Display P3color(display-p3 1.000 0.851 0.122)
Web-safe#FFCC33

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #ffd91f;
background-color: #ffd91f;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #ffd91f;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#ffd91f] bg-[#ffd91f]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #ffd91f;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 1.000, green: 0.851, blue: 0.122)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 1.000, green: 0.851, blue: 0.122, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#FFD91F</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFFFD91F)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFFFD91F)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(31, 217, 255)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(255, 217, 31)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(255, 217, 31)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 217, 31)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(1.0000f, 0.8510f, 0.1216f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{255,217,31}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #ffd91f 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #ffd91f 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#806A00, #EEE9D3);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #ffd91f h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #FEFBF1;
  --brand-100: #FCF8E3;
  --brand-200: #FCF2C0;
  --brand-300: #FFEC8F;
  --brand-400: #FFE257;
  --brand-500: #ffd91f;
  --brand-600: #F5CB00;
  --brand-700: #CCA900;
  --brand-800: #A38700;
  --brand-900: #766205;
  --brand-950: #493D03;
  --brand: #ffd91f;
  --brand-ink: #000000;
  --brand-surface: #FAF9F4;
  --brand-border: #EDE5C0;
  --brand-hover: #FAD000;
  --brand-pressed: #D7B200;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #242214;
    --brand-ink: #EEE9D3;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#FEFBF1',
        100: '#FCF8E3',
        200: '#FCF2C0',
        300: '#FFEC8F',
        400: '#FFE257',
        500: '#ffd91f',
        600: '#F5CB00',
        700: '#CCA900',
        800: '#A38700',
        900: '#766205',
        950: '#493D03',
        DEFAULT: '#ffd91f',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #FEFBF1,
  '100': #FCF8E3,
  '200': #FCF2C0,
  '300': #FFEC8F,
  '400': #FFE257,
  '500': #ffd91f,
  '600': #F5CB00,
  '700': #CCA900,
  '800': #A38700,
  '900': #766205,
  '950': #493D03,
);
$brand-base: #ffd91f;
$brand-ink: #000000;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#FEFBF1", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#FCF8E3", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#FCF2C0", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#FFEC8F", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#FFE257", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#ffd91f", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#F5CB00", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#CCA900", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#A38700", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#766205", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#493D03", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#000000", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#000000 on #ffd91f · 15.20:1
Use #000000AAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 1.38:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 15.20:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Reading the other direction: #ffd91f as text scores 1.38:1 on white and 15.20:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #806A00 at 3.82:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#8A7300 · 4.63:1
AA on white−29% L
#8A7300
The quick fox
#675500 · 7.30:1
AAA on white−36% L
#675500
The quick fox
#ffd91f · 15.20:1
AA on blackalready passes
#ffd91f
The quick fox
#ffd91f · 15.20:1
AAA on blackalready passes
#ffd91f

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #AE9000 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#ffd91f on white: 1.38:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#ffd91f on black: 15.20:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #ffd91f as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #ffd91f.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White1.38:1AaAa
Slate 501.32:1AaAa
Slate 1001.26:1AaAa
Slate 2001.12:1AaAa
Slate 3001.07:1AaAa
Slate 4001.86:1AaAa
Slate 5003.44:1AaAa
Slate 6005.48:1AaAa
Slate 7007.49:1AaAa
Slate 80010.59:1AaAa
Slate 90012.92:1AaAa
Black15.20:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #F1D400
deuteranopia · #FBE031
tritanopia · #FFC7BA

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #ffd91f is pinned to step 500; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#FEFBF1
#FCF8E3
#FCF2C0
#FFEC8F
#FFE257
#ffd91f
#F5CB00
#CCA900
#A38700
#766205
#493D03
Base = 500Lightest = 50 · #FEFBF1Darkest = 950 · #493D03Text step on white = 900
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.045 95.7);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.071 95.7);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.107 95.7);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.139 95.7);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.164 95.7);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.178 95.7);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.178 95.7);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.168 95.7);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.150 95.7);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.125 95.7);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.098 95.7);
}

Colors that work with #ffd91f

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#000000
Black wins here
Surface#FAF9F4
Tinted page background
Border#EDE5C0
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#9B8D4B
Captions on the surface
Accent#1F7DFF
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#806A00
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#FFFBE5
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#242214
Dark-mode background
Hover#FAD000
One step down in lightness
Pressed#D7B200
Two steps down
Disabled#D3CFBB
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#FFDC34
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #ffd91f

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Text and icons on dark surfaces
  • Primary buttons and calls to action
  • Focus rings, active and selected states
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
  • Chart series and data categories
Use with care
  • Text of any size on white — fails WCAG AA
  • Full-page backgrounds — tiring over long sessions
  • Thin strokes and 1px borders — they disappear on light UI
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Not as text
Safe as a fill behind white type
No — use #806A00
Safe as a 1px border on white
No — use #AE9000

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

optimisticalertcheap-and-cheerfulvisible

The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail.

At this chroma the association is amplified — it will dominate anything placed beside it, so give it space and use it sparingly. The mid lightness keeps it versatile in both themes.

Worth knowing

Almost never passes contrast against white. Treat it as a surface or a marker, not as text.

Reads as
  • FormalityLow
  • EnergyHigh
  • Weight44/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityHigh

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#1F45FF
Analogous left#FF691F
Analogous right#B5FF1F
Split-complement 1#1FB5FF
Split-complement 2#691FFF
Triadic 1#1FFFD9
Triadic 2#D91FFF
Tetradic#1FFF69
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°50°

#ffd91f sits at 50°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red100.0%
Green85.1%
Blue12.2%
R · 0–255
255
0xff
G · 0–255
217
0xd9
B · 0–255
31
0x1f

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta14.9%
Yellow87.8%
Key (black)0.0%

Total ink coverage is 103%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#ffd91f text on a black background

contrast 15.20:1

Card sample

#ffd91f text on a white background

contrast 1.38:1

Card sample

#ffd91f on grey

1.26:1

#ffd91f on its own surface

1.31:1

#ffd91f on its dark surface

11.57:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #ffd91f;
Background color
Panel with #ffd91f background
background-color: #ffd91f;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #ffd91f;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(255, 217, 31, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(255, 217, 31, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #ffd91f;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffd91f, #90FF1F);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ffd91f, #58FF1F);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #ffd91f;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #ffd91f;
caret-color: #ffd91f;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #ffd91f;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #FFFBE5;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #ffd91f;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#ffd91f 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #ffd91f over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(255, 217, 31, 0.5)
rgb(255 217 31 / 50%)
#ffd91f80
hsl(50 100% 56% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #ffd91f 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#ffd91f1a#FFFBE9
20%#ffd91f33#FFF7D2
40%#ffd91f66#FFF0A5
60%#ffd91f99#FFE879
80%#ffd91fcc#FFE14C

Gradients from #ffd91f

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #FFE35C, #ffd91f 45%, #806A00);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #ffd91f, #6BFF01);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ffd91f, #1F45FF);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #FFE97B 0%, #ffd91f 45%, #806A00 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #FAF9F4, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #FF7D52 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #AFFF3E 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #806A00 0%, transparent 65%), #ffd91f;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #ffd91f

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#ffd91f in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
RetailLeisureEnergyWarning systems
Common UI roles
ButtonsLinksFocus statesCharts
Print note

Sits outside most CMYK gamuts — expect a duller press result, or specify a spot ink.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Usable as-is on a dark surface at 15.20:1.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#ffd91f, answered

What color is #ffd91f?

#ffd91f is a balanced electric yellow — the CSS keyword Gold. It sits at 50° on the hue wheel with 100% saturation and 56% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #ffd91f?

rgb(255, 217, 31) — 255 red, 217 green and 31 blue out of 255, or 100% / 85.1% / 12.2% by channel.

What is #ffd91f in HSL and HSV?

hsl(50, 100%, 56%) and hsv(50, 88%, 100%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #ffd91f a light or a dark color?

It is a light color. Relative luminance is 0.7098 and perceived brightness is 85%, so black text on it reaches 15.20:1.

Should I use black or white text on #ffd91f?

Black. It scores 15.20:1 against #ffd91f, versus 1.38:1 for white — AAA at any size.

Is #ffd91f accessible on a white background?

#ffd91f on white scores 1.38:1, which fails WCAG AA at every size. Darken it to #8A7300 to reach 4.5:1, or #675500 for 7:1.

What is the complementary color of #ffd91f?

#1F45FF sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #1FB5FF and #691FFF, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #ffd91f?

For interface work: #FAF9F4 as the surface, #EDE5C0 for borders, #9B8D4B for secondary text, #1F7DFF as an accent and #806A00 for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #FF691F and #B5FF1F stays calm, while #1F45FF is the loudest partner.

What is #ffd91f in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 15%, 88%, 0%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — a color this saturated sits outside most CMYK gamuts and will print duller than it looks here.

Is #ffd91f warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 17 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #FFAB1F; nudged cooler, #D3FF1F.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #ffd91f?

The yellow family — its 500 step is #eab308, ΔE2000 10 away. That is a visible difference, so define #ffd91f as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #ffd91f in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#ffd91f] or text-[#ffd91f], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #ffd91f with 50% opacity?

rgba(255, 217, 31, 0.5), or #ffd91f80 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #FFEC8F; over black, #806D10.

Is #ffd91f a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #FFCC33, ΔE2000 4.9 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #ffd91f mean?

As a yellow, it reads optimistic, alert, cheap-and-cheerful. The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail. At this chroma the effect is amplified — it will dominate whatever sits beside it.

What gradient works with #ffd91f?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #FFE35C, #ffd91f 45%, #806A00). For more colour, a short hue run to #6BFF01 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #ffd91f in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #ffd91f at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.