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yellow · warm

#afaca1

a light, muted yellow · warm · closest name: Dark Gray

Token name suggestion: Linen Citron

RGB
175, 172, 161
HSL
47°, 8%, 66%
CMYK
0, 2, 8, 31
Luminance
0.4119

#afaca1 is a light muted yellow, 47° on the wheel and 42/100 on the cool side. Put black text on it (9.24:1). As text it scores 2.27:1 on white — use #797567 instead. Nearest name is Dark Gray, nearest Tailwind family is neutral.

hsl(47 8% 66%)rgb(175 172 161)Base step 400AAA inkWarm

At a glance

Every number on this page in one read: what #afaca1 is made of, how bright it looks, and which way it leans.

Hex
#afaca1
Hue
47°
yellow
Saturation
8%
muted
Lightness
66%
light
Brightness
69%
HSV value
Perceived
67%
weighted brightness
Luminance
0.4119
WCAG relative
Temperature
Warm
42/100 cool
Color family
Yellow
Tone
Muted
Best ink
Black
9.24:1
Closest name
Dark Gray
ΔE2000 5.5
Chroma
6.1
LCH, 0–130ish
OKLCH L
0.744
perceptual lightness
Tailwind
neutral
500 · ΔE 20.2
Web-safe
#999999
nearest of 216
Where it sits
Hue47° of 360°
Saturation8%
Lightness66%
Saturation × lightness field

Left edge is grey, right edge is full chroma; top is white, bottom is black. The dot is #afaca1.

Temperature
Warm ← → Cool42% cool

Reads warm. Warm and cool siblings keep the same lightness, so you can swap one in without redoing your contrast maths.

Luminance by channel
Red22%
Green72%
Blue6%

Green carries most of what the eye calls brightness — that is why WCAG weights it 0.7152.

Every format

HEX#afaca1
HEX (8-digit)#afaca1ff
RGBrgb(175, 172, 161)
RGBArgba(175, 172, 161, 1)
HSLhsl(47, 8%, 66%)
HSV / HSBhsv(47, 8%, 69%)
HWBhwb(47 63% 31%)
CMYKcmyk(0%, 2%, 8%, 31%)
LABlab(70.3 -0.9 6.0)
LCHlch(70.3 6.1 98.7)
OKLCHoklch(0.744 0.016 94.3)
XYZ (D65)xyz(38.86, 41.19, 39.61)
Decimal11512993
Display P3color(display-p3 0.686 0.675 0.631)
Web-safe#999999

Copy-ready code

every platformclick to select
/* CSS */
color: #afaca1;
background-color: #afaca1;
/* CSS custom property */
--brand: #afaca1;
/* Tailwind (arbitrary) */
class="text-[#afaca1] bg-[#afaca1]"
/* SCSS */
$brand: #afaca1;
/* SwiftUI */
Color(red: 0.686, green: 0.675, blue: 0.631)
/* UIKit */
UIColor(red: 0.686, green: 0.675, blue: 0.631, alpha: 1)
/* Android XML */
<color name="brand">#AFACA1</color>
/* Android Compose */
Color(0xFFAFACA1)
/* Flutter */
Color(0xFFAFACA1)
/* Python / OpenCV (BGR) */
(161, 172, 175)
/* Python / PIL (RGB) */
(175, 172, 161)
/* Java AWT */
new Color(175, 172, 161)
/* .NET */
Color.FromArgb(255, 175, 172, 161)
/* OpenGL / Unity (0–1) */
(0.6863f, 0.6745f, 0.6314f, 1f)
/* LaTeX */
\definecolor{brand}{RGB}{175,172,161}
modern cssclick to select
/* mix without leaving CSS */
background: color-mix(in oklab, #afaca1 85%, white);
border-color: color-mix(in oklab, #afaca1 40%, transparent);
/* theme-aware in one line */
color: light-dark(#45433B, #E3E2DE);
/* relative colour syntax */
--hover: hsl(from #afaca1 h s calc(l - 7));

Design tokens

The same ramp in the four formats a team actually needs. Paste one and the whole palette lands with it.

css custom propertiesclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: #F8F8F7;
  --brand-100: #F1F0EF;
  --brand-200: #E0DFDC;
  --brand-300: #CBC9C2;
  --brand-400: #afaca1;
  --brand-500: #989486;
  --brand-600: #848071;
  --brand-700: #6E6B5E;
  --brand-800: #58554B;
  --brand-900: #424039;
  --brand-950: #292823;
  --brand: #afaca1;
  --brand-ink: #000000;
  --brand-surface: #F8F8F7;
  --brand-border: #D9D8D3;
  --brand-hover: #9F9B8E;
  --brand-pressed: #8E8A7B;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --brand-surface: #1E1D1A;
    --brand-ink: #E3E2DE;
  }
}
tailwind.config.jsclick to select
theme: {
  extend: {
    colors: {
      brand: {
        50: '#F8F8F7',
        100: '#F1F0EF',
        200: '#E0DFDC',
        300: '#CBC9C2',
        400: '#afaca1',
        500: '#989486',
        600: '#848071',
        700: '#6E6B5E',
        800: '#58554B',
        900: '#424039',
        950: '#292823',
        DEFAULT: '#afaca1',
      },
    },
  },
}
scss mapclick to select
$brand: (
  '50': #F8F8F7,
  '100': #F1F0EF,
  '200': #E0DFDC,
  '300': #CBC9C2,
  '400': #afaca1,
  '500': #989486,
  '600': #848071,
  '700': #6E6B5E,
  '800': #58554B,
  '900': #424039,
  '950': #292823,
);
$brand-base: #afaca1;
$brand-ink: #000000;

@function brand($step) { @return map-get($brand, $step); }
w3c design tokens (json)click to select
{
  "color": {
    "brand": {
      "50": { "$value": "#F8F8F7", "$type": "color" },
      "100": { "$value": "#F1F0EF", "$type": "color" },
      "200": { "$value": "#E0DFDC", "$type": "color" },
      "300": { "$value": "#CBC9C2", "$type": "color" },
      "400": { "$value": "#afaca1", "$type": "color" },
      "500": { "$value": "#989486", "$type": "color" },
      "600": { "$value": "#848071", "$type": "color" },
      "700": { "$value": "#6E6B5E", "$type": "color" },
      "800": { "$value": "#58554B", "$type": "color" },
      "900": { "$value": "#424039", "$type": "color" },
      "950": { "$value": "#292823", "$type": "color" }
    },
    "brandInk": { "$value": "#000000", "$type": "color" }
  }
}

Best text color

Only one of black and white can be right. This is the one, with the number that proves it.

Readable at a glance#000000 on #afaca1 · 9.24:1
Use #000000AAA at every size.
Aa
12px
Aa
16px
Aa
24px
Aa
White text · 2.27:1
AA fail · AA large fail · AAA fail
Aa
Black text · 9.24:1 · recommended
AA pass · AA large pass · AAA pass
Reading the other direction: #afaca1 as text scores 2.27:1 on white and 9.24:1 on black.
Best tinted ink on it, if plain black or white feels flat: #45433B at 4.36:1.

Make it accessible

A contrast checker tells you that you failed. This tells you what to ship instead — same hue, same saturation, lightness moved only as far as WCAG demands.

The quick fox
#797567 · 4.61:1
AA on white−22% L
#797567
The quick fox
#5B584D · 7.12:1
AAA on white−33% L
#5B584D
The quick fox
#afaca1 · 9.24:1
AA on blackalready passes
#afaca1
The quick fox
#afaca1 · 9.24:1
AAA on blackalready passes
#afaca1

Large text — 24px regular or 18.66px bold and above — only needs 3:1, so #989486 is enough for headings on white. Non-text elements such as icons, chart strokes and focus rings also sit at 3:1 under WCAG 2.2 (1.4.11).

Accessibility — WCAG contrast

Aa
#afaca1 on white: 2.27:1
AA ✗ fail · AA-large · AAA
Aa
#afaca1 on black: 9.24:1
AA ✓ pass · AA-large · AAA
Against the neutral ladder

Contrast is symmetric, so each row covers both directions: #afaca1 as text on that neutral, and that neutral as text on #afaca1.

NeutralRatioBoth directions
White2.27:1AaAa
Slate 502.17:1AaAa
Slate 1002.07:1AaAa
Slate 2001.84:1AaAa
Slate 3001.53:1AaAa
Slate 4001.13:1AaAa
Slate 5002.09:1AaAa
Slate 6003.33:1AaAa
Slate 7004.56:1AaAa
Slate 8006.44:1AaAa
Slate 9007.85:1AaAa
Black9.24:1AaAa
Colour vision deficiency
true color
protanopia · #AFABA0
deuteranopia · #AFACA1
tritanopia · #B2AAA9

Roughly one man in twelve has some form of colour vision deficiency. If any of the three panels above is hard to tell apart from a neighbouring colour in your palette, add a shape, an icon or a label so the meaning does not rest on hue alone.

Color scale — 50 to 950

A Tailwind-shaped ramp built around this exact hex. #afaca1 is pinned to step 400; the rest hold its hue and let saturation ease off at the extremes so the pale end never turns neon.

#F8F8F7
#F1F0EF
#E0DFDC
#CBC9C2
#afaca1
#989486
#848071
#6E6B5E
#58554B
#424039
#292823
Base = 400Lightest = 50 · #F8F8F7Darkest = 950 · #292823Text step on white = 700
Perceptual ramp — OKLCH

The same eleven steps expressed in OKLCH, where equal lightness numbers actually look equally spaced. HSL ramps go muddy in the yellows and washed out in the blues; this one does not. Modern browsers render it natively — the hex ramp above is the fallback.

50100200300400500600700800900950
oklch tokensclick to select
:root {
  --brand-50: oklch(0.97 0.004 94.3);
  --brand-100: oklch(0.94 0.006 94.3);
  --brand-200: oklch(0.88 0.010 94.3);
  --brand-300: oklch(0.80 0.012 94.3);
  --brand-400: oklch(0.72 0.015 94.3);
  --brand-500: oklch(0.64 0.016 94.3);
  --brand-600: oklch(0.56 0.016 94.3);
  --brand-700: oklch(0.48 0.015 94.3);
  --brand-800: oklch(0.40 0.013 94.3);
  --brand-900: oklch(0.32 0.011 94.3);
  --brand-950: oklch(0.24 0.009 94.3);
}

Colors that work with #afaca1

Not a palette — a role sheet. Each swatch answers one question you will hit while building the component.

Text on it#000000
Black wins here
Surface#F8F8F7
Tinted page background
Border#D9D8D3
Hairlines and dividers
Muted text#7C786A
Captions on the surface
Accent#5A6572
Second voice, not a rival
Dark variant#45433B
Hover, pressed, headers
Light variant#F3F3F1
Selected rows, tints
Dark surface#1E1D1A
Dark-mode background
Hover#9F9B8E
One step down in lightness
Pressed#8E8A7B
Two steps down
Disabled#E3E2DE
Chroma pulled out
Focus ring#C0BAA4
Offset from the fill so it reads
Light mode
Everything in its place

Surface, border, heading and body all derive from this one hue, so the screen stays coherent without a second palette.

Primary actionSecondaryBadge
Dark mode
Same hue, inverted

Lightness flips, hue holds. The accent stays the anchor in both themes.

Primary actionSecondaryAccent

In real components

The same eight roles, wired into the interface patterns you will actually build with them. Every state below is a computed value, not a mock-up.

Buttons and states
Save changesHoverPressedDisabled
OutlineSubtleLinkFocused
Form field
you@company.com

Focus ring uses the light variant so the field still reads as one shape.

Send me product updates
Notice
Your export is ready

The file stays available for seven days. Download it before it expires.

NewBetaDraft
Data
Storage used68%
Acme LtdActive
NorthwindTrial
GlobexActive

How to use #afaca1

Derived from its contrast, chroma and lightness — not from taste.

Works well for
  • Text and icons on dark surfaces
  • Borders, dividers and quiet backgrounds
  • Long-form reading surfaces
  • Card and section backgrounds
  • Brand accents, badges and data highlights
Use with care
  • Text of any size on white — fails WCAG AA
  • White text placed on it
  • Thin strokes and 1px borders — they disappear on light UI
  • Pairing with a same-lightness hue — edges vibrate
Minimum size as text on white
Not as text
Safe as a fill behind white type
No — use #45433B
Safe as a 1px border on white
No — use #989486

Meaning and mood

What a colour in this family tends to signal, and how this particular chroma and lightness change the reading.

optimisticalertcheap-and-cheerfulvisible

The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail.

With almost no chroma left, the family association is barely present; treat it as a neutral that happens to lean this way. The lightness keeps it airy and approachable.

Worth knowing

Almost never passes contrast against white. Treat it as a surface or a marker, not as text.

Reads as
  • FormalityMedium
  • EnergyLow
  • Weight34/100
  • TemperatureWarm
  • ApproachabilityBalanced

Colour associations are cultural and vary by market. Treat these as a starting point for a conversation with your audience, not a finding about them.

Similar colors

One move away from this hex in each direction. Every swatch is its own page.

Color relationships

The wheel positions with their names attached, so you can grab the one you actually need.

Complementary#A1A4AF
Analogous left#AFA5A1
Analogous right#ABAFA1
Split-complement 1#A1ABAF
Split-complement 2#A5A1AF
Triadic 1#A1AFAC
Triadic 2#ACA1AF
Tetradic#A1AFA5
On the wheel
Base+30°−30°+120°+240°+180°47°

#afaca1 sits at 47°. Every dot is a harmony position and links to its own page in the table alongside.

RGB percentages

Red68.6%
Green67.5%
Blue63.1%
R · 0–255
175
0xaf
G · 0–255
172
0xac
B · 0–255
161
0xa1

CMYK percentages

Cyan0.0%
Magenta1.7%
Yellow8.0%
Key (black)31.4%

Total ink coverage is 41%. Most commercial presses cap around 300% — above that, sheets stop drying properly.

Color previews

#afaca1 text on a black background

contrast 9.24:1

Card sample

#afaca1 text on a white background

contrast 2.27:1

Card sample

#afaca1 on grey

2.07:1

#afaca1 on its own surface

2.14:1

#afaca1 on its dark surface

7.42:1

CSS3 live lab

Text font color

The quick brown fox

color: #afaca1;
Background color
Panel with #afaca1 background
background-color: #afaca1;
Text shadow — hex

Glowing headline

text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px #afaca1;
Text shadow — RGB

Soft neon halo

text-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(175, 172, 161, 0.45);
Div box shadow
Elevated card
box-shadow: 0 12px 32px -8px rgba(175, 172, 161, 0.45);
Border & gradient
Gradient panel
border: 3px solid #afaca1;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #afaca1, #A9AFA1);
Gradient text

Gradient headline

background: linear-gradient(90deg, #afaca1, #A5AFA1);
-webkit-background-clip: text;
color: transparent;
Focus ring
Focused control
outline: 2px solid #afaca1;
outline-offset: 3px;
Underline & caret

Marked up text

text-decoration-color: #afaca1;
caret-color: #afaca1;
Left rule
Pull quote or callout
border-left: 4px solid #afaca1;
Ring + tint
Selected chip
background: #F3F3F1;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px #afaca1;
Conic badge
68%
background: conic-gradient(#afaca1 68%, #e2e8f0 0);

Transparency

What each alpha value actually composites to. The top row is #afaca1 over white; the bottom row is the same alpha over a checkerboard, so you can see what survives on a photo or a video.

Bottom row of hexes is the flattened result over white — use those when a design tool refuses transparency, or when you need a solid fallback.

alpha in every syntaxclick to select
rgba(175, 172, 161, 0.5)
rgb(175 172 161 / 50%)
#afaca180
hsl(47 8% 66% / 50%)
color-mix(in srgb, #afaca1 50%, transparent)
Alpha8-digit hexFlat on white
10%#afaca11a#F7F7F6
20%#afaca133#EFEEEC
40%#afaca166#DFDED9
60%#afaca199#CFCDC7
80%#afaca1cc#BFBDB4

Gradients from #afaca1

Six recipes, each built from this hex and shown with the exact CSS that produced it.

Elevation
Same hue, three lightnesses — safe anywhere
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #CBC9C2, #afaca1 45%, #45433B);
Duotone
A short hue run reads richer than a flat fill
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #afaca1, #98A191);
Complement sweep
Loud — keep it behind large type only
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #afaca1, #A1A4AF);
Spotlight
Hero panels and app headers
background: radial-gradient(120% 120% at 20% 0%, #D9D8D3 0%, #afaca1 45%, #45433B 100%);
Soft wash
Section backgrounds that stay readable
background: linear-gradient(180deg, #F8F8F7, #ffffff);
Mesh
Ambient background, no image weight
background: radial-gradient(60% 60% at 15% 20%, #C6BFBD 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(55% 55% at 85% 15%, #B9BDB2 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(70% 70% at 50% 95%, #45433B 0%, transparent 65%), #afaca1;

Monochromatic scale

Palettes built from #afaca1

Shades — darker

Tints — lighter

Tones — desaturated

Color harmonies

Nearest named colors

Ranked with CIEDE2000 across all 139 CSS keywords. Under ΔE 2 the eye stops telling them apart; over ΔE 10 they are plainly different colors.

#afaca1 in the real world

Where a color in this family tends to land, and the interface roles it is usually asked to play.

Industries
RetailLeisureEnergyWarning systems
Common UI roles
BackgroundsBordersBody textDividers
Print note

Converts to four-color process without much drama. Proof it anyway.

On screens

Holds up across typical panel gamma. Still worth checking on an uncalibrated laptop, where mid-tones shift most.

In dark mode

Usable as-is on a dark surface at 9.24:1.

Explore nearby colors

Small, deliberate steps away from this hex — useful when you are hunting for the version of a colour that finally feels right.

#afaca1, answered

What color is #afaca1?

#afaca1 is a light muted yellow, closest to Dark Gray (ΔE2000 5.5). It sits at 47° on the hue wheel with 8% saturation and 66% lightness, which reads as warm.

What is the RGB value of #afaca1?

rgb(175, 172, 161) — 175 red, 172 green and 161 blue out of 255, or 68.6% / 67.5% / 63.1% by channel.

What is #afaca1 in HSL and HSV?

hsl(47, 8%, 66%) and hsv(47, 8%, 69%). HSL is what CSS takes; HSV is what your design tool's picker shows, which is why the saturation numbers rarely match.

Is #afaca1 a light or a dark color?

It is a mid-tone. Relative luminance is 0.4119 and perceived brightness is 67%, so black text on it reaches 9.24:1.

Should I use black or white text on #afaca1?

Black. It scores 9.24:1 against #afaca1, versus 2.27:1 for white — AAA at any size.

Is #afaca1 accessible on a white background?

#afaca1 on white scores 2.27:1, which fails WCAG AA at every size. Darken it to #797567 to reach 4.5:1, or #5B584D for 7:1.

What is the complementary color of #afaca1?

#A1A4AF sits directly opposite on the wheel. Softer options are the split-complements #A1ABAF and #A5A1AF, which give the same contrast with far less vibration.

What colors go well with #afaca1?

For interface work: #F8F8F7 as the surface, #D9D8D3 for borders, #7C786A for secondary text, #5A6572 as an accent and #45433B for hover and pressed states. For a palette, the analogous pair #AFA5A1 and #ABAFA1 stays calm, while #A1A4AF is the loudest partner.

What is #afaca1 in CMYK for printing?

cmyk(0%, 2%, 8%, 31%). This is a screen-to-ink approximation — ask your printer for a proof before committing to a run.

Is #afaca1 warm or cool?

Warm — it scores 42 on a scale where 0 is the warmest orange and 100 the coolest azure. Nudged warmer it becomes #B9ACA2; nudged cooler, #96A3B0.

Which Tailwind color is closest to #afaca1?

The neutral family — its 500 step is #737373, ΔE2000 20.2 away. That is a visible difference, so define #afaca1 as a custom token rather than reaching for the built-in.

How do I use #afaca1 in Tailwind CSS?

Inline it as an arbitrary value with bg-[#afaca1] or text-[#afaca1], or register the whole ramp under theme.extend.colors.brand so you get bg-brand-500 and friends. The generated 50–950 scale on this page is ready to paste into your config.

What is #afaca1 with 50% opacity?

rgba(175, 172, 161, 0.5), or #afaca180 in eight-digit hex. Over white that composites to #D7D6D0; over black, #585651.

Is #afaca1 a web-safe color?

No. The nearest web-safe colour is #999999, ΔE2000 7.9 away. The palette only matters for legacy displays and some email clients now.

What does the color #afaca1 mean?

As a yellow, it reads optimistic, alert, cheap-and-cheerful. The most visible hue at low light levels, which is why it owns warnings, hazard tape and value retail. At this low chroma the association is faint; it behaves more like a neutral.

What gradient works with #afaca1?

The safest is same-hue elevation: linear-gradient(135deg, #CBC9C2, #afaca1 45%, #45433B). For more colour, a short hue run to #98A191 keeps it rich without turning muddy.

Work with #afaca1 in the Color Lab

Every tool opens with this colour already loaded.

Every value on this page is computed from #afaca1 at request time — conversions, contrast ratios and ΔE distances are calculated, never looked up.